Category of bet twists 5e. Cable categories twisted pair (transmission speed)

Vita pair - (English Twisted pair) - is a cable, the structure of which includes one to several pairs of insulated wires, twisted between themselves and placed in a PVC sheath. Twisting of one bet is carried out with the help of increasing the level of communication between them. The directors of the electromagnetics are injected into the world on the offense of darts, which change in the direction of the transmission of differential signals, as well as decrease in the inflow of electromagnet plants from the outside.

- (English Twisted pair) - is a cable, the structure of which includes one to several pairs of insulated wires, twisted between themselves and placed in a PVC sheath.

Twisting of one bet is carried out with the help of increasing the level of communication between them. The directors of the electromagnetics are injected into the world on the offense of darts, which change in the direction of the transmission of differential signals, as well as decrease in the amount of electromagnet plants in the outlets. To change the connection between the small pairs of the cable, the so-called "periodic connection of the conductors of the young pairs", in UTP cables of category 5 and the darts of the skin are connected with the young crocus.

Vikoristovutsya, in the main, as a part of the SCS - structured cabling systems, and itself for the transmission of data in such computer and telecommunication technologies, such as Arcnet, Ethernet and Token Ring. The Danish cable is small in number, easy to install, and also has a lot of different types of possession (for plugging in, you can use rose 8P8C). Tomorrow on this year's day we twist the vibrator for koristuvachіv be a type.

cable design

Store cable z:

• Provider in Isolation,
• Name of the plastic sheath
• thread
• fixed screen... (Cat.5) and food

guides

In the capacity of the guides they lived as monoliths of the people lived, the population of which became 0.4 - 0.6 mm, so the bundles, which are stored without being alive. The sizes are rotated either for an additional metric system that is attractive for us, or in accordance with the American standards for calibrating AWG conductors. For example, in the extraordinary four-pair cables, the conductors are stagnant, as the diameter lived 0.51 mm. For the American system, the price will be 24 AWG.

Isolation of Providers

Isolation material make use of polyvinylchloride (English abbreviation PVC). For larger cables of the 5th category, choose polypropylene, polyethylene. cable best quality vipuskayut from the insulation from the porous (backed) polyethylene, which will protect the cable with low dielectric losses, or Teflon. The company izolyatsii conductors to become - 0.2 mm.

thread

A rosary thread, like vikoristovuyutsya in the cable, allowing you to reach the core, does not destroy the insulation is alive. As a rule, the thread is given to be ready for the nylon, so that the material can be finished and the cable is not allowed to stretch.

Zovnishnya obolonka

In most cases, the shell is prepared to use polyvinylchloride from the house of credit. Also, when the shell is wicked, polymerization occurs, which does not tolerate burning and does not see when heated halogen (including cables from LSZH brands). Danish view the cable is simply irreplaceable in critical areas;

When victorious in young minds, before the most recent obolontsy, special vimogs may appear. So, for example, a cable for a permanent laying will be provided with a hydrophobic sheath with polyethylene, a yak, which can be wrapped with another ball on top of a snail PVC sheath. Plus, up to all, it is possible to store empty parts in cables with hydrophobic gel. Well, nareshty, the cable can be armored with a corrugated line or a steel dart.

Color of the outer shell

The color of the sheathing is based on the particularity of the functional designation of that particular type of cable and is meaningfully laid down and identified, both during installation and during servicing.

Syriy is the most popular color for the cable. Material - PVC (PVC). To become stagnant, as a rule, in primitives.

Chorniy - a cable for zovnishniy laying. Material - polyethylene (PE). Stagnate at vologicheskih primischennya, pіdvalah, sirikh risers, on the street and in the open.

markuvannya

Marking includes such obov'yazkovy warehouses:

• virobnik
• cable type
• meters or feet

see

mono-core cable

In this type of skin wire, it includes a deprivation of one middle layer, called a monolith wire. Mono-core cables are best suited for laying in walls, boxes, but with more parameters, completed with sockets. Tse viklikano tim, scho to finish tovsti mіdnі lived, with frequent viginas, it is easy to break. The Danish cable, as a rule, does not come into contact without the middle, but is connected to the possession, for these purposes it is more beautiful to use a luggage cable.

baggage cable

The baggage-wire cable, apparently, is stored from decilkokh providers. The Danish type is very suitable for quiet minds, if the cable goes viginous and twisted, alas, at the same hour, it’s not crazy about “vryzannya” is alive in a rose socket, so thin people didn’t have the right to smell. Zagalom, luggage cable є ideal solutions for z'єnannya possession of sockets. However, there is a great amount of signal suppression for the cable, in some cases of mono-core type, it is interconnected as much as possible from the possession to the outlet, and becomes 120 meters.

It is always a matter of manifestation, as well as in the form of an installation against the genus of electro-magnetic plants, as well as the appearance of an approach to the cable:

• UTP cable. Yak zrozumіlo s name - danish type I can’t read the conversion code.
• Foil cable (English FTP, or F / UTP). In this particular case, the zapisny screen is a ball of foil.
• Shielded cable (English STP). A skin pair of guides is a svіy zahist at the viglyadі ekranu.
• Foil screening cable (English S / FTP or SSTP). The Danish type can be used for a foil-clad skin wager of guides and adherents at the most popular screen.
• Suspended foiling cable (English SFTP). As a result of the foregoing type of communication, it’s not a skin pair of guides, but all guides, so that they have two special calls to the screen - from foil and from medium.

The cable is shielded from the wire from the electro-magnetic plant. Of course, it means that the screen is not connected to a non-insulated drain wire, the services for securing the razryvany and stretching the screen.

cable categories

The category of the cable is designed to be the maximum transmitted by the frequency range and to lie in the number of turns per one unit of frequency. There are 7 categories available (CAT1 - CAT7), skin conditions are regulated for additional singing acts:

1. EIA / TIA 568 standard (standard for commercial wiring in booths, accepted in the USA);

2. International standard ISO 11801;

3. Transposition of the American standard ANSI / TIA / EIA-568B - GOST R 53246 - 2008;

4. The transfer of one of the youngsters of the virobnik - GOST R 53245 - 2008.

Characteristics of cable categories

• CAT 1 (frequency 0.1 MHz) - is the standard telephone cable The main feature of which is the transmission of digital tributes to the modem's contacts by voice. Warehouse less than one wager after spending. Previously, vikoristovuvavsya in the United States in a "twisted" viglyadі, in Russia, the Danish type of cable vikoristovuvavya until now and without twists. The only minus of this type is the vin mensh of the abovementioned by the date before the re-code.
• CAT 2 (frequency smuga 1 MHz) - the given type of cable є is old, it is sometimes used in telephone lines. Develop in Arcnet and Token Ring technologies and store two pairs of providers. The transfer of data is accepted on the speed of up to 4Mb / s.
• CAT 3 (frequency smuga - 16 MHz) - can be used for 4 pairs, as well as 2 pairs of cables of this type. Vikoristovu local hems based on 10BASE-T. The transmission rate of these warehouses is 10 - 100 Mbit / s for a place not more than 100 meters in the case of 100BASE-T4 technology. From the given data the type of the cable is based on the IEEE 802.3 standards.
• СAT 4 (frequency smuga 20 MHz) - do not get caught up in this hour. An earlier 4-pair cable, with high speed transmissions up to 16 Mb / s, stuck in 100BASE-T4 and 10BASE-T technologies.
• CAT5 (frequency 100 MHz smuga) - vikoristovuvavsya in telephone lines and for the opening of 100BASE-TX. Warehouse transmission speed - up to 100 Mb / s
• CAT5e (in English Expanded. Frequency smuga 125 MHz) - the Danish type is an advanced cable of the fifth category, so that it has shorter characteristics. It can be stored in twisted pairs, transmission speed is up to 1000 Mb / s. At the present moment є the most widespread type of cable, vikorystovutsya for the establishment of local computer fencing.
• CAT 6 (frequency of smuga 250 MHz) - is widely used in Ethernet framing... It is stored from a number of pairs of conductors, the speed of transmission in the edge of the head and reach is 10 Gbit / s. Danish standard you can vikoristovuvati in supplements, scho work on high quality, up to 40 Gbit / s. Yak standard buv revisions in 2008 roci.
• CAT7 (frequency smuga up to 700 MHz) - a cable of this category for securing the decalcom with screens, one zagalny, and roztasvani near skin pairs. Soma category is also a UTP cable, and S / FTP (ScreenedFullyShieldedTwistedPair). There is an increase in the number of cabling for cable with a choice of pairs of conductors, the speed of transmission in the edge of the sky and a reach of 10 Gbit / s.

obtrusion scheme

Use two types of cable grommets, vikoristovy and pink 8P8C:

Straight - without the need for a front-end connection to the commutator / hub

Perekhresny - allowances for the design of decal grid cards of computers, to be connected to the type of computer-computer. For this purpose, you need to open the crossover cable. Krym for the collection of cut-out boards, it is used for the collection of old types of commutators / concentrators. As a fancy card has a versatile function, then it can be automatically matched to the type of obtrusion.

Straight through cable:

EIA / TIA-568A imprint

EIA / TIA-568B overprint

Crossover cable

Impression for up to 100 Mb / s

The assigned circuits can be secured, like 100-megabit, or gigabit. To reach 100-megabit bandwidth, there is enough vicoristovuvati 2 bets out of 4 - green and orange. Інші dvі bets can be used for connecting your PC. Deyak_corystuvach_p_lyayut the end of the cable; given to the cable will be like a single, and this victorian can bring to the destruction of the quality and speed of transmission of tributes.

IMPORTANT! The cable is crimped against the Vimogam standard - it might be wrong! As soon as you are going to turn around in the great amount of money that has been transferred to the cable, it’s because it’s not suitable for the cable (it’s all out of the way).

To check the correctness and efficiency of the cable obtrusion, use a special cable tester. The complete set includes gear and receiver. The transmission sends a signal to the skin from the cable and the duplicate transmission of indications for additional signals to the receiver. If all 8 indicators light up in order, it means that there are no problems, and the crimping of the cable is violated correctly.

The choice of the crossover circuitry is alive with Power over Ethernet, standardized according to IEEE 802.3af-2003. The Danish standard started to function automatically, as we lived in a cable to come “one to one”.

Assigned pairs to cable:

• First and Friend Bet (TDP-TDN) - choose to validate transmissions from MDI to MDI-X.
• Third - shosta bet (RDP-RDN)
• The fourth and fifth, as well as this and the eighth bet, are bidirectional;

mounting

When installing the cable, it is not possible to allow wiggles, but more than eight different diameters: a strong wiggle can be the reason for the increase in pointing, even before the cable itself is ruined.

Determine the quality of the screen for the integrity of the screen (if you have a cable screen), so that deformation can lead to a decrease in cable performance to a re-code. It is also necessary to pay respect to those who drain the drainage systems with a rose screen.

Category 5 in 5th.

food:

as follows:

Category 5e (5 enhanced) - for improved distribution of 5 for the safety of 1Gb Ethernet signal transmission. Basically, the design of the UTP cable cat 5e to the CAT5 cable is polarized in that, in the cable of the 5e category, there is a crochet twisting of the conductors in pairs, so it is possible to significantly reduce the flow of pairs one to one.

Various information and voice supplements, such as Gigabit Ethernet to the worktable, are insured for Category 5e. The price of the solution is based on the necessary characteristics in relation to the specificity of the TIA 568-B. However, Category 6 will provide better signal integrity in larger, wider smoothies, for cable systems It may be more critical for the education of more vigorous supplements in the future. Category 5e is indicated in smoothies of frequencies up to 100 MHz, and category 6 is indicated in smoothies of 250 MHz. In addition, significant improvements in the design and process of virobnitting Category 6 provide additional broadband passages. Beruchi to respect, I will constantly grow in need of throughput building Yaka, according to Moore's law, to fight the skin of the author for the rock, the need for flexibility and the ability to bring up to the old cable system, as you could change before it.

In Category 6, there are guides with a large diameter and a smaller twist for polishing basic electrical characteristics, for example, transitional extinguishing (div. Malunok 1). For all cables of Category 6, separate distributors are installed for even larger distribution of pairs. Changing the extinguishing and increasing the size of the provider to rob the cable of Category 6 is more important in operation, but it is necessary for additional purposes, which require a greater capacity of health, and for the sake of work In addition, the cables of Category 6 are designed with their own design and prepared with a vignette balance. Do not allow to achieve non-removability to noise, both internal and external to the cable.

Let's take a detailed look at this information, how to add physical insight into the function of the hem. A laboratory based on the Nexans Data Communications Competence Center (DCCC) conducted a on parity tests, Methods of various parameters of signal integrity for cable systems of Category 5e and Category 6 of the latest virobniks. Virishiti, naskіlki sutta, you can do it yourself when you choose the cable system.

SHORT MILK

Yak bulo was installed in one of the previous days, Category 6 mensh is strong until pardons, below Category 5e, and the vip test was carried out immediately for decilk transceivers with different characteristics. The tests in the DCCC laboratory have a different number of pardons (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC) for Category 5e and 6 with a victorian Gigabit Ethernet transceiver. Bagato hto pomilkovo vvazhaє, all the transceivers are the same. However, on the basis of the transceiver it is possible to find one virobnik. For the experiment bulo vibano three attachments. Gigabit Ethernet packets were transmitted over a backbone 100 m long with three connectors using Category 5e, sometimes Category 6.

The test results indicate a 13x fast CRC for Category 6. The cabling change to Category 6 will reduce the signal / noise performance of all transport systems, so the transceiver can accept Ethernet packets more without benefit. In such a rank, the shortening of the wiring characteristics of the Kate-rii 6 rotate in a greater degree of hope. Tsey dodatkovy supply allow components The stagnation of those in the іnshіy situation turned out to be trivial simple і dodatkovy vitrates.

Structural cable systems are often installed in areas with high temperatures, such as over-bed space, sometimes the temperature rise during the day reaches 25 ° C. The fluctuations are indicated on the characteristics of the cable. DCCC conducted a series of tests, in which 1000BaseT signals were transmitted to a 90m distance from cable systems of Category 5e, 6 and Extended Category 6. In the early stages of testing, the temperature increased beyond the regulated heating from 20 to 70 ° C.

It has appeared that at high temperatures the frequency of pardons during the victorian posting of Category 5e will appear as a matter of fact in the period of Category 6 (Div. Malunok 2). In one cable system and expanded Category 6, the pardons have been developed even more.

Whenever the cables are heated, they are supplied with additional inputs such as power over Ethernet (PoE). By adjusting the supply of power to the structured cabling system in the Galusev standards, the bullets have been shaped to the electrical and physical characteristics of the PoE adaptations. The 802.3af standard, adopted by IEEE 2003, has a methodology for providing food for symmetric wires to the connection to the annexes. The need for springs to be interconnected by physical characteristics and normative vimogas. 802.3af standards are used to transfer the confusion to the obvious possession, the recommendation is insured for the provision of services according to Category 5e, as in most cases 10BaseT or 100BaseTX technologies are used.

In addition, if you require the supply of living and transmission of money over one and the same cable with twisted pairs, such as telephony and VoIP or cameras, in the end bag there will be a lot of effort. It’s easy to clean up the hardened IEEE 802.3 specifics, like PoE Plus, as it’s going to be broken up in two rockets. As a result, it is allowed for the transmission of torsion steam to increase from 13 to 60 watts. Yak can be seen from the results of tests (div. Vishche), the characteristics of the cable will sink with an increase in temperature, as the temperature rises, due to higher input losses (Insertion Loss). It can be negatively affected by the maximum allowable stationary line or transmission path. Installation of cables with short characteristics, for example, Kate-rії 6, in accordance with the general tendencies of galusa. They have vicarious guides of a larger diameter, who allow them to be brought in at the expense of an hourly increase in flow transmission capacity.

STIIKIST to noise

Sensitivity to newer noise becomes critical in the case of improved transmission of data, if there is a high demand for signalization and folding. Named dzherela noise - power lines, air conditioning units, lift, electric control and jumper on the side of the suspension cables - to wick splash spikes, so the titles are electric fast changeover mode (Electrical Fast Transient) The stench can radically fit into the function of the middle cables and bring them before the pardons appear. Mіzh the balance і non-receptive to noises іnnu straight tones. Rebalanced cables of Category 6 are 50% more noise-resistant, lower Category 5e.

In DCCC tests, a Category 5e, 6 and Extended Category 6 cable is sent to the EFT at the same time that Gigabit Ethernet packets are being transmitted. Spіvvіdnoshennya mіzh pardons and impulse cross-codes broached and rendered graphically. Between balanced and unbalanced cables, such as those of Category 5e and Category 6, there is a high degree of visibility in productivity (Div. Malunok 3).

OVERLOADED INVESTMENT

One of the main arguments in favor of the choice of category 5e polyagaє in the vitrat economy. Larger diameter of conductors, smaller twist and folding process, zooming in on the higher part of the cable of category 6. But everything is okay.

So, from the point of view of materials Category 6 by 30-50% more expensive. Ale in action, how to take the party to the respect information systems, The cost of growth appears to be even insignificant. For projects, encourage the counting system and all vitrati to get involved in the next categories:

Security software (51%);

Ustatkuvannya (22%);

Merezheva Infrastructure (20%);

Startup and documentation (7%).

At the same time, 20% of investments in the infrastructure are distributed between passive and active components, as well as vitrates for the design and management of the project. The sum for the wiring is less than half, and the solution for the cable is only 35%. Thus, cables for local systems are stored less than 3% in the project budget. The transition from Category 6 to Category 5e is less than 1% of the outgoing vitrates.

Before the end of the show, by stretching the life cycle of the telecom wiring, the change took two generations stocking... The idea is obvious: the designers and installers of cable systems should be able to get better and better with more detailed wiring. If you want the cable system to adapt to the obvious and possible programs, then, looking at the passes of Category 6, investment in it seems to be a necessary minimum. If the noise, the coldship of the temperature, and the growth of fluidity does not mean anything to you, then Category 5 is quite enough. The vibe is yours.

Carol Everett Oliver is a manager of BerkTek, American subsidiary of Nexans, RCDD.

Surely, the cable systems of the old category 5 (similar to the TIA / EIA standards) could not accommodate the gigabyte additions, because they were broken in category 5e. However, in the standards themselves for cable components and systems, as a whole, you do not know a direct link between supplements and categories. Tsey vzaєmozvyazok - indirect, through a range of frequencies and smug transmission. A showcase is given to the ISO / IEC 11801: 2002 standard, supplement F.

Class D, for smooth frequencies up to 100 MHz according to the ISO / IEC 11801: 2002 standard - tse analogue of category 5e according to the ANSI / TIA / EIA-568-B standard. As a matter of fact, in systems of this type it is possible to implement not only Fast Ethernet add-ons, but 1-Gigabit Ethernet. The same Ethernet extensions are described in IEEE 802.3 documents.

Categories 1 and 2

balanced twisted pair Categories 1 and 2. As the middle gear is not considered ANSI / TIA / EIA-568-B standards. Previously, it was used for transmission of mobile and low quality transmission of tributes (9600 bit / s and less).

Category 3

The twisted pair is balanced, the cable and the connection are passively connected. To be aware of the ANSI / TIA / EIA-568-B standards in the quality of the transmission middle for newer transmissions, or not recommended for the transmission in new cable systems. Cable characteristics are specified in the range up to 16 MHz. The historical middle class of category 3 was selected for the transmission of mobile and data transmissions on streams up to 10 Mb / s (IEEE 802.5, additional, unbalanced twist pairs for 4 Mb / s, as well as IEEE 802.3 10BASE-TASE-T).

Category 4

The twisted pair is balanced. The characteristics of the components are specific in the frequency range up to 20 MHz. The components were designated for the victorian in the transmission of mov and tribute on streams up to 16 Mb / s inclusive. (IEEE 802.5 standard for balanced vita pair for 16 Mb / s). Do not be aware of ANSI / TIA / EIA-568-B or ISO / IEC 11801: 2002 standards.

Category 5

The twisted pair is balanced. The characteristics of the components are specific in the frequency range up to 100 MHz. The components were designated for registration in the transmission of mov and tribute on broadcasts up to 100 Mb / s (100BASE-TX) inclusive. The ANSI / TIA / EIA-568-B.1 standard is not used for new systems.

Category 5e

The characteristics of the components are specified in the frequency range up to 100 MHz, with a list of tested parameters up to date, intended to ensure that all 4 bets are validated in bidirectional mode (additional duplex). Div. IEEE 802.3 1000BASE-TX standard.

Category 6

Channels of category 6 may have a bandwidth of up to 200 MHz (the area in which the signal-to-noise ratio is positive, PSACR> 0), with a wide range of transmission parameters specified in the range up to 250 MHz. Cable systems of category 6 doors for the reception of larger versions (wide-screen video, for example) and for larger devices of 1 GB (IEEE 802.3 1000BASE-TX). The system is insured for registration in the future for multi-large applications, for the transmission of large amounts of smoke and for a large wide area, in which the signal / noise performance is positive.

The electric cable is stored in decilcoh twisting pairs... The guides in pairs are prepared from a monolithic honey dart with a thickness of 0.4-0.6 mm. Krim metric, the American AWG system is used, in which the size is stored is 26-22AWG. Standard 4-pair cables have conductors with a diameter of 0.51 mm (24AWG) in the main cable. Provider's insolation association is close to 0.2 mm, material is polyvinylchloride (English speedy PVC), for larger samples of the 5th category - polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE). Particularly high-quality cables can isolate from spinned (porous) polyethylene, which will prevent low electrical losses, for example Teflon, which will ensure a wide working temperature range.
Also, all the middle cable is designed to be so called "loose thread" (call the capron), as it can be used to break down the last shell - when you have a hard time, you can use it for a late heart, there is no
The same thread is razrivna, zazhayuchi on its temples for razryvny, vikonuє will set the function.
The name of the sheath of 4-pair cables is 0.5-0.9 mm thick in the amount of deposits of the cable category, so you can get ready to use polyvinylchloride for additional credits, which will cause crispness. The price is necessary for an accurate break-off behind the mouse over the edge of the tool. For the preparation of the sheath, you can pick up polymers, but do not expand the furnace with group gaskets and do not see when heated halogens (such cables are marked as LSZH - Low Smoke Zero Halogen, Russian marku AF-H): ng (C) -HF, ng (D) -HF). Cables that do not support mining and do not see dim, according to European standards, are allowed to be laid and installed in cryptic areas, so that there may be increased flows of systems and air conditioning and ventilation (so called areas). Cables for external laying on top of the polyvinylchloride sheath can be used to lay the sheath with polyethylene for taking out of the sleepy type. The cables expand the width of the mine for single laying. As a result, the laying of such cables in Budivly and sporums is barred.
In a zealous vipadku, colori does not mean special powers, even if they allow it to be easily understood, communication with functional features, both during installation and service. The most widespread color of the sheathing of the cables is gray. The last cables have a sheath of the black color. Orange zaparvlennya, as a rule, will be placed on the non-combustible material of the shell.
Okremo is necessary because of the markup. Krim tribute about the cable type and type of cable, here it is necessary to include meters or feet of mitts.
The shape of the outer sheath of the cable is twisted by a pair of can be used. More often, for others, a round shape becomes stagnant. A flat cable can be used for laying under kilim pokritty.
The cables for the lasting laying are bound to the lining of the sheath with polyethylene, which is applied (as a rule) with another ball on top of the sheath, polyvinylchloride. In addition, it is possible to fill the voids in the cables with water-supply gel and armor behind an additional corrugated line or a steel dart.

At the moment, in local fences (standard Gigabit Ethernet 1000BASE-T), a cable of the UTP type is chosen;

It is stored from choter pairs, especially twisted into a spiral with insulated darts, which are transmitted digital signal in local mesh, structured cable systems, security systems and video surveillance, and navi telephony (weak current in one word).

The cable, which is also a patch cord, is crimped with wire cutters, with 8 pin sockets, type RJ-45 for LAN, or 5 pin RJ-11 for telephones (in the main, there are two in locks). So what is the maximum amount of dovzhina?

Embossed passive category 5

The process of embossed rosettes on a dart with pliers is called an obturator, previously called a rosette. In extreme cases, you can replace the nipper, you can take a flat (slotted wedge), you can stand it with a slot in the depression and hit it with a hammer, with proper rightness, you can reverse the same result as when you pick the nipper.

Crimping tool (crimper)

Well, like a crimp tool "crimper" - that's a cutter or a crimp tool.

Type 110 hammering - Krone

So, if the cable is disconnected from the outlet, then it is hammered with a tool like this: the Krone LSA-PLUS 6417 2 055-01 sensor tool, then, to be hammered in the same way, only on both sides, and according to the size of the module.

TIA / EIA-568A, TIA / EIA-568B standards

At the given moment є two standards of "twisting bet" imprinting for 8-pin RJ-45 roses: TIA / EIA-568A and TIA / EIA-568B, which are based on 4 out of 8 live. So the axis, vibіr here to finish the simple.

Standard TIA / EIA-568A

Zrazok to Ashka's obtrusion.

TIA / EIA-568B standard

Well, it’s obvious, beshka.

Crossover cable, reversible / reversible patch cord.

If the local hedge is stored only from two annexes (a computer for connecting with a computer, or a computer for connecting to a printer or to a scanner), connecting between them, then from one side TIA / EIA-568A (as ), and from the іnshy TIA / EIA-568B (beshku). Even earlier, it was called a cross-over, (not a machine), or a ringing / inverting patch cord.

Z'єdnannya through a commutator

If all computers are in the office, or if they are built into a router, a router, or a switch (vibrate, it was okay), then vibrate one of two on both shanks. Dumok will be masa, but most often put a beshka, a blame in that vypad, if you have already developed a line on A, so that the city does not make a fortune, the city is more beautiful as it is. I want the current switches to come up and start the signal on its own.

The maximum amount of gin of the fifth category is for local fancy

Dumki, scho standards for new cables, except for pardons, prokommentuvati foldable - technically one and the same. For the specificity of the 5th category, at a distance of close to 100 meters, 100 megabytes can be launched, and also good cable Like this, like the AMP 57535-5 UTP Cat.5e Box 305m 5YW cable, then the distance depends on 117 meters, well, the switch, according to the D-Link road.

The organization of the Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) recommends the standardization of the torsion netting according to the TIA / EIA-568A standard, and the TIA / EIA-568B version of the transmission for the complexity of the types of possession.

In an hour, in practice, most of the companies vikoristovyu standard TIA / EIA-568B, some of them have become widely expanded by the earlier standard AT & T 258A. The categories (short for CAT) of the twists of the bets are based on the high quality of the transmissions of the tributes. A small LAN cable is more suitable for class and when prompted for structured cabling systems, it can be used.

A slid of memory, a pair of a higher class is twisted to the lower class. And the axis is twisted by a pair according to the class below it is not suitable for technical additions to the class. We classify our food more beautifully the transmission characteristics and the boundary frequency of the robotic cable line.

CAT1 (frequency of smuga - 0.1 MHz).

One pair і vikorist for transmission to voice і digital tributes for the participation of the modem. The price is a standard telephone cable (we have buvs up to lokshini, most often round), which at its own time vikoristovavavsya in the "twisted" view in the United States, and in Russia it is stagnant at once without twisting. Do not fit for casual systems, and it’s a great deal.

CAT2 (frequency of smuga - 1 MHz).

I’m already alive. In order to get stuck when prompted by telephone lines.

Volodya high speed transmissions of money up to 4 Mb / s. Chi is not good enough to induce fancy fancywork.

CAT3 (frequency smuga - 16 MHz. Class "C").

There are 2 guys and 4 guys type of bet twisting. It’s not only stalled for the installation of telephone lines, but also for local fencing on the basis of 10BASE-T. The speed of transmissions from 10 to 100 Mb / s for the 100BASE-T4 technology is not more than 100 meters long. On the view of CAT1 and CAT2, the IEEE 802.3 standard will be adopted.

CAT4 (smuga frequency - 20 MHz).

In just an hour, 4 guys Vikoristovuvavsya cable in technology 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T4. The speed of transmissions can be up to 16 Mb / s. In our days we don’t get caught up.

CAT5 (frequency smuga - 100 MHz. Class "D").

The cable is used for connecting telephone lines and for stimulating local 100BASE-TX fences, as well as for Ethernet (LAN). The transmission speed is up to 100 Mb / s.

CAT5e (frequency 125 MHz).

A couple of the fifth category has been twisted. When two pairs are selected, the transmission speed is up to 100 Mb / s and up to 1000 Mb / s in a 4-pair cable. As a rule, you can use 4 guys cable to induce local computer framing... The most popular type of bet twists.

CAT6 (frequency smuga 250 MHz. Class "E").

The most widely used type of cable, which can be stuck in Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet stitches. At the structures of the cable, there are the providers of bets. pіdtrimє whiskey transmissions of money up to 10 Gb / s with a length of no more than 55 meters. CAT6a (frequency smuga 500 MHz. Class "EA"). The structure of the cable is stored from a number of pairs of conductors. It can be used in Gigabit Ethernet framing and can be used up to 10 Gb / s for speeds up to 100 meters.

CAT7 (frequency smuga 600 - 700 MHz. Class "F").

The speed of transmissions is up to 10 Gb / s. The structure of the cable is made up of a zonal screen and foil-clad skin. The type is followed by S / FTP (ScreenedFullyShieldedTwistedPair).

CAT7a (frequency of one thousand -1200 MHz. Class "FA").

The speed of the bet twists can reach up to 40 Gb / s for a distance of up to 50 meters and up to 100 Gb / s with a length of up to 15 meters.