Antipyretic remedies for children are prescribed by a pediatrician. But there are situations of indispensable help in case of likhomantsi, if the child needs to give faces negligently. Then the fathers take on themselves the resuscitation and zastosovuyut antipyretic preparations. What is allowed to give to children of the chest? How can you lower the temperature in older children? What are the most safe faces?

Gigahertz uzyaty, slipping trivaє

Still, earlier the processor's life was more fun. Approximately a quarter of a century ago, people crossed the barrier of 1 kHz, and this expansion arose from the processor lexicon. The “hardness” of the processor began to be calculated in megahertz of the clock frequency (which, strictly ostensibly, is wrong). More than three years ago, the leather 100-megahertz krok at the increased clock frequency was considered to be a good guide: with a trival marketing artillery preparation, technological presentations, and in the finale - a holy life. So it was about until quiet, until the frequency of the “floor” processors reached 600 MHz (if the namesake Mercedes was mentioned in vain in a skin publication), and 0.18 microns became the main technology for chip production. Then it became “necessary”: the increase in clock frequency was increasing, and on the eve of the last fate of Intel, the information market was “increased”, having voiced 15 new processors at once. Fifteen flint microsensations fell like a breast on our heads, and looking at the features of the skin chip represented by the ruins of the sacrilegious Christmas spirit, they fell. It is not surprising that two leading processor processors for PCs (Intel and AMD) routinely raised the bar at 1 GHz, looking as if nothing special had happened. At the Internet-comments, there was only one chimera of pairing with the sound bar under the walls, and so - no salute and champagne. Vono and realized: the plans of the retailers have long since been straightened into the GHz space. The Intel Willamette crystal with a clock frequency of 1.3-1.5 GHz is already in the other half of the world, but let's talk about the peculiarities of the architecture, and not about cycles per second.

In my memory about the omr_yany gigahertz actively started talking even more to rock, if the hot Californian vzimka 1999 rock Albert Yu demonstrating Pentium III 0.25 microns, which works at a frequency of 1002 MHz. Under the heady splashes of the hall, it seemed to zabulosa, that that demonstration was making a trick. Earlier, it was reported that the processor was "destroyed" in the cryogenic installation. There is no direct evidence that the serial installation of the KryoTech company served as a refrigerator. So what else, they forgot about gigahertz on the river, wanting the processors to get close to the frequency. Tsіkavo, scho scho 2000 to rock the head for the directors of Intel, the legendary Endi Grove for spying on Albert Yu again repeating the trick of testing Intel. At the IDF Spring'2000 forum, I demonstrated a test case of the Intel Willamette processor, which works at a clock frequency of 1.5 GHz. A second billion cycles per second - and all at room temperature! It's great that the Willamette is still a microprocessor with a new architecture, and not just a slightly different Pentium III. Ale about tse - troch lower.

Your marketing gigahertz has long been in stock AMD. The company is officially associated with the “cold fighters” from KryoTech, and Athlon is a promising processor for overclocking in the minds of extreme cooling. A gigahertz solution based on a cooled Athlon 850 MHz was available for sale elsewhere.

The marketing situation is getting hotter when AMD is on the cob on the cob in the interchanges of Athlon room-temperature processors with a frequency of 1 GHz. We can’t believe anything, and Intel happened to get an ace out of the sleeve - Pentium III (Coppermine) 1 GHz. Wanting to release the rest of the plan on the other half of the rock. But it's not a secret for anyone that taking a gigahertz bar is just the same for AMD as it is for Intel. But they so wanted to be the first. You can hardly greet two respectable companies, as they run around the same style with the number 1 and check with a flicker, if the music breaks. AMD just got away with the first - and more than that doesn't mean anything. Like in astronautics: people were the first to launch in the USSR, and aircraft became more frequent (and cheaper) than “other” Americans. Well, navpaki: stink - for the month, and we said "fe", and all the fuse was gone. Vtіm, the race of clock frequencies for a long time already has a purely marketing background: people, as you know, are able to buy megahertz, and not the productivity index. The clock frequency of the processor, like before, is a source of prestige and a philistine showcase of the "tricks" of the computer.

One more growing gravel of the microprocessor market - the Taiwanese company VIA officially presented its first paper a month ago. The microprocessor, introduced earlier under the code name Joshua, ditched the original name Cyrix III and began to compete with Celeron from below, in the niches of computers that found the cheapest. Obviously, in the nearest river you don’t get frequencies in gigahertz like your own, but the “floor” chip of cicavius is already honed by the very fact of its foundation.

In this look at the language, as a rule, about new products, the plans of the leading retailers of microprocessors for the PC, without looking back at those, pulled up the stench of a gigahertz viborchiy bar'єr.

Intel Willamette - new 32-bit chip architecture

32-bit Intel processor with the code name Willamette (for the name of the river in the state of Oregon, length 306 km) to appear on the market in the other half of the year. Foundations on new architecture, become yourself hard processor Intel for desktop systems, and even the starting frequency will be more than 1 GHz (1.3-1.5 GHz is estimated). Deliveries of test devices of the processor to OEM manufacturers will be carried out for the next two months. Chipset for Willamette according to Tehama code names.

What is it about under the enigmatic term "new architecture"? For the cob - podtrimka zvn_shnyo ї clock frequency 400 MHz (that is the frequency of the system bus). Tse is three times faster, lower praised 133 MHz, supported by modern Pentium III class processors. Actually 400 MHz is the resulting frequency: so the bus can have a frequency of 100 MHz, and then it is possible to transmit several portions of data per cycle, which gives a total analogue of 400 MHz. The bus will implement a data exchange protocol similar to that implemented by the P6 bus. The speed of data transfer for a 64-bit synchronous bus becomes 3.2 GB / s. For comparison: the GTL + 133 MHz bus (which is similar to the Pentium III) has a capacity of three times more than 1 GB / s.

friend rice mastery Willamette - support for SSE-2 (Streaming SIMD Extensions 2). The price of 144 new instructions for optimizing the work with video, encryption and Internet add-ons. SSE-2, naturally, is the sum of SSE, previously implemented in Pentium III processors. That Willamette can successfully win hundreds of addendums, developed for SSE accreditation. Willamette himself wins for support of both integer counts and operations with a floating ball of 128-bit XMM registers. Without going into details, the task of SSE2 is to compensate for the weakest block of operations on the market with a floating coma. At the same time, SSE2 supports on the side of third-party software developers (Microsoft with two hands “for”), nothing can be said about the support for aphishing productivity growth.

I, nareshti, the third key feature of Willamette is the glibsha pipelining. The replacement of 10 stages is now victorious at 20, which allows you to significantly increase overall productivity when processing four folding mathematical additions and increase the clock frequency. True, the “deep” conveyor is a whole with two cycles: the hour of the operation is quickly shortening, and the hour of the stuttering is increased during the operation of the mutually dependent operations, it can “compensate” for the increase in the productivity of the conveyor. For that, nothing happened, the retailers had a chance to increase the intelligence of the conveyor - increase the accuracy of the transfer of transitions, as it exceeded 90% in the middle. Another way to improve the efficiency of the long-term pipeline is prioritization (ordering) of instructions in the cache. The function of the cache in whichever direction is to sort out the instructions in the order in which the stink is due. We should think about defragmenting a hard disk (just in the middle of the cache).

Cash cache, but the most famous for a long time called the productivity of the block of integers for current processors. The number of buildings of processors is especially critical when there are no office add-ons (usually there are Word and Excel). For some time now, the Pentium III, the Athlon showed a simply ridiculous increase in productivity on integer counts with an increased clock frequency (numbers per unit count). Willamette implements two modules of integer operations. For the time being, you know about them that the leather building has two instructions per beat. This means that at a core frequency of 1.3 GHz, the resulting frequency of the integer module is equivalent to 2.6 GHz. And there are two such modules, I support you. What allows vikonuvat, in fact, chotiri operations with whole numbers per clock.

There is no doubt about the cache expansion in the forward Willamette specification, published by Intel. And then there's the “coil”, as to tell about those that the L1 cache is 256 KB in size (for Pentium II / III, the L1 cache is 32 KB - 16 KB for data and 16 KB for instructions). The same halo of secrecy radiates out to the L2 cache. most second option- 512 KB.

The Willamette processor, for some credit, will be supplied in cases with matrix-pin contacts for a Socket-462 socket.

AMD Athlon: 1.1 GHz demo, 1 GHz shipping

Nemov playing for the forward strategy of following the leader, AMD has slapped the nose of the entire computer industry, demonstrating the Athlon processor with a clock frequency of 1.1 GHz (more precisely - 1116 MHz) on the cob. Everyone sang that it was hot. Movlyav, well, she has processors in the distance, but to know everything, there is a great hour lag between demonstration and mass virobnitstvom. Ale, it wasn’t there: in a month, Advanced Micro Devices began serial deliveries of Athlon processors with a clock frequency of 1 GHz. And all the doubts in their real availability were developed by Compaq and Gateway companies, as they propagated elite systems based on these chips. The price, obviously, did not deprive me of any particular hostility. GHz Athlon cost about 1300 USD. In batches of thousands of pieces. But the new one has a lot of young brothers: Athlon 950 MHz ($1000) І Athlon 900 MHz ($900)

Demonstrations earlier Athlon 1116 MHz itself is significant. Design standards - 0.18 microns, victorian medium, thermal imaging - normal: working at room temperature with a superior active radiator. Ale, as it turned out, it's not just Athlon (it's just an aluminum interconnect), but Athlon Professional (code name - Thunderbird). In reality, the appearance of such a processor on the market is less likely to be seen in the middle of the year (importantly in grass). Only the frequency will be lower, and the cost of wines will not be "GHz dollars", but a lot cheaper.

at once about Athlon processors on the core of Thunderbird, it is not yet rich. Vіn bude vykoristovuvavat not Slot A (like the current version of Athlon vіd 500 MHz), but the matrix rose Socket A. Correspondingly, the body of the processor will be "flat" and not a massive "vertical" cartridge. It is clear that before the summer the processors on the Thunderbird core will be released with a clock frequency of 700 to 900 MHz, and a gigahertz will appear three times later. Vzagali, z looking at the pace of price reductions on new processors, it is quite possible that such a computer of the first price range based on Athlon 750 MHz or close to that will come to the New Year.

On the other hand, the main contender for low-end computers in the AMD line is the Spitfire processor. Youmu sees the role of a young competitor to Intel Celeron. Spitfire will be packaged for installation in a Socket A processor socket (eating - 1.5 V), and its clock frequency may reach 750 MHz until early autumn.

Briefly about the multi-GHz ambitions of IBM

While the whole world in the old way is taking a gigahertz, IBM is telling about technologies that allow adding gigahertz chips to the river. Accepted at 4.5 GHz with the use of technology, the choice of the conductors as a whole can be repaid. Later, according to the credits of IBM, the technology IPCMOS (Interlocked Pipelined CMOS) was broken up by it to allow the rock to secure the mass release of chips with a clock frequency of 3.3-4.5 GHz in three years. At the same time, the energy supply will decrease in two parameters of modern processors. The essence of the new processor architecture lies in the diversity of clock pulse divisions. Depending on the complexity of the task of that chi, the next block of the processor will be processed at a higher high or higher low clock frequency. The idea lay on the surface: all modern processors vicorist the centralized clock frequency - all the elements of the core, all the enumeration blocks are synchronized with it. Roughly seeming, until all operations on one “coil” are completed, the processor will not start until the onset. As a result of "complete" operations, swedes are streamed. In addition, to go out, just as you need to beat the kilim, then you have to shake the whole house. Decentralization of the mechanism for supplying clock frequency in the fallowing to the needs of the next block allows the smart blocks of the microcircuit not to check for the necessary operations in the other blocks, but to take care of, apparently, their right. As a result, there is a decrease in the overall energy supply (it is necessary to shake only the kilim, and not the whole house). IBM engineers are absolutely right, if talking about those who move the synchronous clock frequency in the world becomes more and more important. In this way, the only way is to stop the decentralized supply of the clock frequency, or the transition to fundamentally new (quantum, sing-song) technologies for the creation of microcircuits. Ale tse pardon. VIA itself is positioned as a competitor to Intel Celeron - a processor for cob systems. Ale and tse appeared as an overworldly self-singing topping.

However, let's look at the advantages of the new processor. Repayment limit for installation in a Socket 370 processor socket (yak and Celeron). However, according to Celeron, Cyrix III, the standard clock frequency (system bus frequency) is NOT 66 MHz, but 133 MHz - like the most recent Pentium III of the Coppermine family. Another key usefulness of Cyrix III is on-chip integration of a cache of another equal (L2) with a capacity of 256 KB - like the new Pentium III. Cache of the first equal - tezh great (64 Kbytes).

I, nareshti, tertiary gidnist - support for the AMD Enhanced 3DNow! SIMD instruction set. This is the first example of 3Dnow integration! for Socket 370 processors. AMD multimedia instructions are already widely supported by software vendors, which often help to compensate for the speed of the processor on graphics and game add-ons.

On whom everything will end well. The processor is manufactured using 0.18-micron technology with six metal balls. At the time of its release, the most “swift” Cyrix III mav Pentium-rating is 533. The actual core clock speed is a little lower, because of the independent Cyrix processor, it marked its processor with “ratings” according to the clock speeds of the Pentium, Pentium II, and later - Pentium processors III. It would have been better if they had already led the Pentium report: the figure would have been bigger.

VIA clerk Wen Chi Chen (in the past, btw, Intel processor engineer) was trying hard to beat Celeron at the low price of Cyrix III. Naskіlki tse far away - judge for yourself. Cyrix III PR 500 costs $84, and Cyrix III PR533 costs $99. In short, Celeron is often cheaper and cheaper. The first tests of the processor (carried out, obviously, not in Russia) showed that Celeron does little to improve productivity on office add-ons (there is an emphasis on integer counting), and the axis on multimedia development is obvious. Zvichayno, not to the point of Cyrix III. Well, well, first breast milk. However, in VIA's reserve there are more integrations of the Samuel processor, prompting on the IDT WinChip4 core. There, the result may be better.

Alpha also takes the merits of gigahertz

Compaq (leader of part of the DEC recession, including the Alpha processor) may release a 1 GHz version of the Alpha 21264 RISC server processor in the other half. And the upcoming її chip - Alpha 21364 - and zovsіm starting the same z ієї threshold frequency. In addition, the improved version of Alfie will have a 1.5 MB L2 cache and a Rambus memory controller.

ComputerPress 4 "2000

Those clock frequency is the most important parameter. That is why it is necessary specifically to understand them. Also, within the framework of this article, we will discuss rozuminnya clock frequency of multi-core processors, Adzhe there are є tsіkavі nuances, yakі know and vrakhovuyut far from everything.

To finish the last hour, the retailers robbed the rates themselves on increasing the clock frequency, but after an hour, the "fashion" changed and more retailers went to create more thorough architecture, increase the cache memory and develop rich nuclear power, but don't forget about the frequency of anything.

What is the clock frequency of the processor?

For the cob, it is necessary to change the designation of the “clock frequency”. The clock frequency shows us how many processors can calculate in one hour. Obviously, the higher the frequency, the more operations per hour, the processor can be depleted. The clock frequency of current processors, basically, becomes 1.0-4GHz. It depends on the multiples of the call or the base frequency, on the song coefficient. For example, the Intel Core i7 920 processor has a bus frequency of 133 MHz and a multiplier of 20, resulting in a clock frequency of 2660 MHz.

The frequency of the processor can be increased in home minds, for additional overclocking of the processor. Establish special models of processors AMD and Intel; Black Edition from AMD and K-series lines from Intel.

I want to make sure that when buying a processor, the frequency is not to blame for being the main factor in your choice, even if you have less than a part of the productivity of the processor.

Razuminnya clock frequency (rich-core processors)

At the same time, even in all segments of the market, single-core processors have not been lost. Well, it’s logical, even if the IT industry does not stand on the ground, but steadily falls forward by leaps and bounds. Therefore, it is necessary to clearly understand, in what order the frequency of processors is increased, so that two cores and more can be made.

In view of the lack of computer forums, I recalled that the pardon for understanding (viralizing) the frequencies of rich-core processors has been expanded. I’ll give you an example of the wrong mismatch: “A 4-core processor with a clock frequency of 3 GHz, so the total clock frequency will be better: 4 x 3 GHz = 12 GHz, if so?” - No, not like that.

I will try to explain why the total frequency of the processor can be understood as: “number of cores X frequency is assigned.

I’ll point the butt: “According to the cost of the trip, the pishohid, the new speed is 4 km / year. This is similar to single-core processors on N GHz. And the axis is going to go 4 miles on the road for a speed of 4 km / year, then it’s similar to a 4-core processor on N GHz. We don’t care if we’re traveling with hiking trails that our speed will be good 4x4 = 16 km / year, we just say: "4 walks to go zі shvidkіstyu 4 km / year". Therefore, it is not possible to cause everyday mathematical problems with the frequencies of the processor cores, but simply remember that a 4-core processor is N GHz Volodya Chotirma cores N GHz ».

Converter dovzhini i vіdstanі Converter Masi converter zahodіv obsyagu sipuchih produktіv i produktіv harchuvannya converter ploschі converter obsyagu i odinits vimіryuvannya in kulіnarnih recipes converter temperature converter vise mehanіchnogo naprugi, Young's modulus converter energії i Robot converter potuzhnostі Converter Sealy Converter hour converter lіnіynoї shvidkostі Flat kut Converter thermal efficiency and fuel economy Converter of numbers in other systems Numerical Converter odinits vimіryuvannya kіlkostі Informácie Exchange rates Rozmіri zhіnochogo odyagu that VZUTTYA Rozmіri cholovіchogo odyagu that VZUTTYA Converter kutovoї shvidkostі i frequency now obertannya Converter priskorennya Converter Kutovoy priskorennya Converter schіlnostі Converter pitomoї obsyagu Converter moment іnertsії Converter moment Sealy Converter krutnogo time Converter pitomoї heats of zgorannya (on masі ) Converter schіlnostі energії i pitomoї warmth zgorannya palivo (per obsyagom) Converter Converter koefіtsієnta rіznitsі temperature heat rozshirennya Converter termіchnogo support pitomoї teploprovіdnostі Converter Converter Converter pitomoї teploєmnostі energetichnoї ekspozitsії that potuzhnostі vipromіnyuvannya thermal converter schіlnostі heat flow koefіtsієnta teplovіddachі Converter Converter Converter ob'єmnoї vitrati masovoї molar concentration converter Molar concentration converter Mass flow rate converter Molar concentration converter Esku (absolutely) Vo-busty converter Kіnathodiya V. Bureau Converter Surface Tension Converter Parking Points Converter Schilnosti Flowstone Watering Lighting Converter Rivno Sound Converter Remove Sound Line / SPL) Converter Rivne Sound Label / SCL lightness Converter resolution in computer graphics Frequency converter and length of lightness Power in diopters and focal length Power in diopters and lens length (×) Converter electric charge Linear Width to Charge Converter Surface Thickness Converter to Charge Volumetric Charge to Charge Converter Electric Squirt Converter Linear Width to Squirt Converter Surface Thickness to Squirt Converter Electric Field Strength Converter Electrostatic Potential and Voltage Converter electrical support Power Converter Power Pole Converter Electrical Conductivity Converter Power Electrical Conductivity Electrical Capacitance Converter Inductance Converter American Wire Gauge Rivnі in dBm (dBm to dBmW), dBV (dBV), watts and in. Alone Converter of magnetic force Converter of magnetic field strength Converter of magnetic flux Converter of magnetic induction Radiation. Potency converter Radioactive Decay Converter Radiation. Exposure Dose Converter Radiation. Clayed dose converter Converter of tens prefixes Data transfer Converter of units of typography and processing of images Converter of units of typography and processing of images Converter of units of the volume of wood materials Calculation of the molar mass Periodic system of chemical elements D. І. Mendelev

1 hertz [Hz] = 1 cycles per second [cycles/s]

output value

the value has been converted

Hertz eksagerts petagerts terahertz gіgagerts megahertz kіlogerts gektogerts dekagerts detsіgerts santіgerts mіllіgerts mіkrogerts nanogerts pіkogerts femtogerts attogerts tsiklіv second dovzhina hvilі in eksametrah dovzhina hvilі in petametrah dovzhina hvilі in terametrah dovzhina hvilі in gіgametrah dovzhina hvilі in megameters dovzhina hvilі in kіlometrah dovzhina hvilі in hectometre dovzhina hvilі in Decametry Byggina Khvi, in the meters of Byggina Khvyi, in Santimeters Byggina Khvyi, in Milіmeters, Tanga Kvіvі in Mіlіmmetry, Komponіvka Dovijina Khvali Elektron Komponіvska Toggy Kvіvі Komponіvki Toggy Khvili Neutron Turnover in a second Turnover in Justron Ohrutіv

The science of making kawi: the vise

More details about frequency and longevity

Zagalni vіdomostі

frequency

The frequency is the value that vimiryu as often repeats the same chi іnshі periodic process. In physicists, for additional frequency, they describe the power of hvili's processes. The frequency of wheezing is the number of new cycles of the wheezing process per hour. The frequency unit in the CI system is hertz (Hz). One hertz is equal to one fluctuation per second.

Dovzhina hvili

іsnuє impersonal different types winds in nature, from sea winds calling in the wind to electro-magnetic winds. The dominance of electromagnetic ailments lie in the past. Such winds are added to a sprinkling of views:

Gamma Change up to 0.01 nanometer (nm).
x-ray changes with dozhinoyu hvili - from 0.01 nm to 10 nm.
sickly ultraviolet range, Yaki mayut dozhina vіd 10 to 380 nm. The stench is not visible to the human eye.
light in visible part of the spectrum with dozhinoy whvili 380-700 nm.
Invisible to people іnfrachervone vipromіnyuvannya with dozhinoyu hvili vіd 700 nm to 1 mmіmіtra.
For infrachervonimi hvili to go microhvilovi, With long winds from 1 millimeter to 1 meter.
Found - radio. Їх dozhina is repaired from 1 meter.

This article is dedicated to the electromagnetic vibration, and is especially light. We can discuss how long and the frequency of wheezing is to be added to the light, including the visible spectrum, ultraviolet and infrared vibrance.

Electromagnetic viprominuvannya

Electromagnetic viprominuvannya - tse energy, the power of which is at once similar to the power of the wind and particles. This singularity is called corpuscular-hvilov dualism. Electromagnetic windings are formed from magnetic winding and perpendicular to it electric winding.

The energy of electromagnetic vibration is the result of a flurry of particles, which are called photons. The higher the frequency of abuse, the more stench is more active, and the more bad stench can bring clitins and tissues of living organisms. Tse vіdbuvaєtsya that chim more frequency vipromіuvannya, tim more stench carry energy. Great energy allows them to change the molecular structure of speeches, to smell like a stink. The very same ultraviolet, X-ray and gamma viprominyuvannya so shkidly for creatures and roslin. A great part of this industry is in space. It is present on the Earth, do not marvel at those that the ozone ball of the atmosphere close to the Earth blocks a great part of it.

Electromagnetic vibration and atmosphere

The atmosphere of the earth passes only a few electromagnetic vibrations with a singing frequency. A large part of gamma-ray production, X-ray changes, ultraviolet light, part of the production in the infrared range and long-term radio waves are blocked by the Earth's atmosphere. The atmosphere becomes clayey and does not pass far. Part of the electromagnetic winds, zokrem, vibrating in the short winding range, are seen in the ionosphere. All other vibrations are spent on the surface of the Earth. At the upper atmospheric balls, then, farther from the surface of the Earth, more radiation, lower in the lower balls. To that it is more, it is not safer for living organisms to stay there without wicked suits.

The atmosphere passes to the Earth a small amount of ultraviolet light, and it brings harm to the sky. Through ultraviolet changes, people burn themselves in the sun and can make them sick with skin cancer. From the other side, deyaki exchanges, which were passed by the atmosphere, bring melancholy. For example, infra-red exchanges, as if they were dragged to the surface of the Earth, vikoristovuyut in astronomy - infra-red telescopes follow the infra-red exchanges, victorious astronomical objects. The greater the view of the surface of the Earth, the greater the number of infrared changes, the telescopes are often installed on the tops of the mountains and on other heights. Some of them are driven into space, so that the visibility of infrared exchanges is increased.

Mutually between frequency and longevity

Frequency and frequency of sickness are wrapped in proportion to one to one. Tse means that in the world, the frequency is changing and changing. Tse is easy to detect: if the frequency of the lashes of the hilarious process of the temple, then the hour between the lashes is much shorter, lower in the flails, the frequency of the lashes is less. If you show praise for the graphics, then there will be fewer peaks between them, the more you will work at the songful windy hour.

To determine the frequency of wheezing in the middle, it is necessary to multiply the frequency of wheezing by її dozhina. Electromagnetic winds in a vacuum are constantly expanding with the same speed. Tsya swidkіst vіdoma like shvidkіst svіtla. Won dorivnyuє 299 & nbsp792 & nbsp458 meters per second.

light

We see light - electromagnetic whistles with frequency and longevity, like they signify the same color.

Dovzhina wind and color

The shortest length of visible light is 380 nanometers. The whole violet color, followed by blue and black, then green, yellow, orange, nareshti, red. The white world is folded from all the colors in a row, so that the white objects bring out all the colors. Tse you can ask for help prism. Spend in it light breaks and vibudovuetsya in a swarm of flowers in the same sequence as the merry ones. Tsya sledovnist - vіd kvіtіv with the shortest longevity of whil, until found. The fallow of thinness of the width of the light in the speech in the form of a long wind is called dispersion.

Veselka settles down in a similar way. Drops of water, rose in the atmosphere after the board, move like a prism and break the skin frail. The colors of the oars are important, so that in rich language there is a mnemonic, so that by memorizing the colors of the oars, the plates are simple, that children can remember them. A lot of children, who speak Russian, know that “Kozhen is a gentleman for the nobility, where to sit a pheasant.” Deyakі people come up with their own mnemonic, and tse - especially right for children, so that, having come up with their own method of memorizing the colors of the merry-go-round, stink more than memorize them.

Light, to the eye of a human being the most sensitive - greenery, with long whistles of 555 nm in a bright middle and 505 nm in daylight and darkness. Far from all creatures can distinguish colors. In the intestines, for example, the color zir is not found. From the other side, deaky creatures, make the color more richly richer, lower people. For example, deyakі see bachat ultraviolet and infrared light.

mirror light

The color of the object is determined by the richness of the light, struck from the surface. White objects reflect all the frills of the visible spectrum, at that hour, like black - navpaki, tarnish all the frills and do not reflect anything.

One of the natural materials with a high dispersion coefficient is diamond. Correctly processed diamonds strike brightly like in the outer faces, so in the inner faces, breaking yoga, like a prism. With whom it is important, so that a large part of the world was seen uphill, in the eyes, and not, for example, down, right in the middle, de Yogo is not visible. Zavdyaki high dispersion diamonds even shine beautifully on the sun and at piece lighting. Sklo, the cuts are so very, like a diamond, tezh syaє, but not very strong. Tse pov'yazano z tim, scho, zavdyaki khіmіchnym warehouse, diamonds vіdbivayut light richly richer, lower slope. Kuti, which wins when cutting diamonds, is of great importance, to those who are too old, or too stupid, or do not allow the light to shine through the inner walls, or to light into the frame, as shown in the illustration.

spectroscopy

For the designation of the chemical warehouse of speech and other vicorist spectral analysis or spectroscopy. This method is especially good, as it is impossible to carry out a chemical analysis of speech, working with it without intermediary, for example, with a designated chemical warehouse of stars. Knowing that, as an electro-magnetic vibration, the body rots, you can determine what it is. Absorptive spectroscopy, which is one of the divisions of spectroscopy, is seen as a way of vibrating with the body. Such an analysis can be done in practice, which is why it is often used in astronomy, and also in work with jarring and unsafe speeches.

Significance of the presence of electromagnetic viprominuvannya

We see the light, so the very same way and all the electro-magnetic vibrations are the same energy. The more energy you generate, the easier it is to subdue radiation. The number of victories of energy is changing in the world of increasing sickness. It’s possible that people and creatures recognize the energy and recognize the difference between the vipromonitions with the different longevity. Electromagnetic vibrance of different colors is seen by the eye like a different color. This principle is followed not only by the eyes of creatures and people, but by technologies created by people for the processing of electromagnetic vibration.

we see light

People and creatures have a great spectrum of electromagnetic vibration. Most people and creatures, for example, react to we see light, And some creatures - more on ultraviolet and infrared exchange. Building diversity of colors - not in all creatures - deacies, only scatter between light and dark surfaces. Our brain determines the color in the following way: photons of electromagnetic vibration are taken into the eye to the eye, passing through it, excite the cones, photoreceptors of the eye. As a result, a signal is transmitted through the nervous system to the brain. Cream flasks, in the eyes there are photoreceptors, sticks, ale stinks are not a good choice of colors. Їх recognition - signifies the truth and the power of light.

In the eyes, sound to know a sprat of a cone. People have three teepee, the skin of which dries out photons of light in the midst of the singing dozhins of the wind. When they are treated, a chemical reaction occurs, as a result of which nerve impulses with information about long-term illness go to the brain. Qi signals are processed by the brain zone of measles. Tse - dilyanka brain, vіdpovіdalna for spriynyattya sound. Leather type flasks singing dove, To that for the otrimannya povnogo vyavlennya pro kolіr, іnformatsiyu, otrimana vіd all flasks, add up at once.

Some creatures have more cones, less people. So, for example, in some species of ribs and birds, they have up to five types. Tsіkavo, that females of deaky creatures have more types of flasks, lower in males. In some birds, for example, in gulls, it is possible to catch zdobich near the water or on the surface, in the middle of the flasks є zhovtі or red drops of olії, yakі act as a filter. Tse dopomogaє їm bachiti more quantity of colors. Let's follow the order of the eyelids of reptiles.

infrachervone light

In snakes, at the sight of people, there are not only healthy receptors, but also sensitive organs that react to іnfrachervone vipromіnyuvannya. The stinks swear by the energy of infrared exchanges, so that they react to heat. Deyakі pristroi, for example, attach a night tower, also react to heat, which is seen as an infra-chervonim viprominuvache. Such annexes vikoristovuyut vіyskovі, as well as for the security of security and protection of the place and territory. Creatures, how to work infrachervone light, and outbuildings, how they can recognize, to work not only objects, how to be known in their field for a given moment, but also follow the objects, creatures, or people, like they tried there before, it didn’t go too far a lot of time. For example, the snakes can see that the grizzlies were digging a hole in the ground, and the policemen, as if they were burrowing with an attachment of a night turd, swatting, as if they were recently buried in the earth, trace malice, for example, pennies, drugs, or else. Attachments for registration of infrared vicarious production in telescopes, as well as for rechecking containers and chambers for tightness. With their help, the heat coil is clearly visible. In medicine, images in infrared light are used for diagnosis. In the history of art - what is depicted under the upper farby ball. The outbuildings of the night tower are vicorous for the protection of the place.

ultraviolet light

Deyakі ribi bachat ultraviolet light. Їx eyes clean the pigment, sensitive to ultraviolet changes. Shkira riba avenge the villages, which reflect ultraviolet light, invisible to humans and other creatures - which is often victorious in the creaturely world for marking the status of creatures, as well as in social purposes. Deyakі birds can also sing ultraviolet light. It is especially important at the hour of the sailing period, if the birds are joking with potential partners. The surface of the old roslins also kindly reflects the ultraviolet light, and the building of yogo bachiti helps in the joke. Crimson ribs and birds, ultraviolet light to dance like reptiles, for example turtles, lizards and green guani (illustration).

The human eye, like the eyes of creatures, is fading ultraviolet light, but you can’t do it. People have ruined eyes, especially in the horns and crystals. Tse, in his line, calls out different diseases and induces blindness. Nevozhenyuyui Scho Ultrafіolet Svіtlo Spedz Zoru, Nickly Kіlkіtlo, Shard Vipromіn D. Ultrafі'olet Viprominyovnya, Yak І Іnfrachervone, Vicarious at Bakhatok Gulizays, Familiar to the Medical For Disinfexia, In Astronomi for Society for Zirki, 'acts and in chemistry for hardening rare speeches, as well as for visualization, so for creating diagrams of the expansion of speeches in the singing space. For the help of the ultraviolet light, banknotes and passes are charged, as if they were charged with signs with a special ink, recognized for the help of the ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet lamp does not help in the case of a documentary document, so as evil spirits and other vicorists, this document is replaced with a new photograph or other information, so the marking for ultraviolet lamps is no longer available. Use also impersonal other zastosuvan for ultraviolet viprominuvannya.

Color blindness

Through defects and the dawn of deakі, people are not able to differentiate colors. This problem is called color blindness, or color blindness, by the name of the people, who is the first to describe this particularity of the dawn. Some people don't sing only a color with a singing dove, and some people don't distinguish the colors from a fire. Often the reason is a lack of expansion or poor photoreceptors, but in some cases, the problem lies in the nerves on the pathway of the nervous system, for example, in the healthy cerebral cortex, where information about the color is obtained. In rich vipadkahs, I create unhandedness and problems for people and creatures, but sometimes they change colors, and for the most part - trouble. This is confirmed by the fact that, regardless of the old fates of the evolution, rich creatures have no color zir. People and creatures that do not distinguish colors can, for example, better camouflage other creatures.

Irrespective of the perils of color blindness, in the presence of a problem, and for people with color blindness, the road to their professions is closed. Sound the stench can’t take away all the rights according to the keruvannya letak without encirclement. In wealthy lands, water rights for these people may be subject to subsistence, and in certain weathers, stench cannot take away the right to take charge. Therefore, the stench can not know the robot, for which it is necessary to drive a car, a light truck, and other transport means. It is also difficult for him to know the robot, how to choose and choose colors is of great importance. For example, it is important for them to become designers, otherwise practice in the middle, de color victorious, like a signal (for example, about insecurity).

Works are being carried out to create more friendly minds for people with color blindness. For example, use the tables, in some colors they show the signs, and in some countries, the signs are victorious in the installations and large places in order with the colors. As a matter of fact, designers don’t wicker, but they surround the wicker color for transmission important information in their robots. Instead of color, or order with it, stink of vicarious art, text, and other ways of seeing information, so that people can see it, if they don’t distinguish colors, they could empty the information given by the designer. In most vipadkiv people with color blindness. greater operating systems it is also allowed to change the color so that people with color blindness can see everything.

Colir in the machine dawn

Machinery zіr in color - quickly develops a galuz of piece intelligence. Until recently, most of the work in this region took place with monochrome images, but now more and more scientific laboratories work with color. Deyakі algorithms for working with monochrome images also work for processing color images.

zastosuvannya

Machines are seen in a row of galleys, for example, for cleaning by robots, self-driving cars, and unmanned aerial vehicles. It is very important in the field of security, for example, for the recognition of people and objects from photographs, for searching through databases, for seeing the movement of objects, in the fallow in their colors and so on. The appointed place for the distribution of ruhomih objects allows the computer to designate people directly at a glance, or to follow the movement of machines, people, hands, and other objects.

To correctly recognize unknown objects, it is important to know about their forms and other powers, but information about colors is not so important. When working with familiar objects, colors, navpaki, helping to distinguish them. Working with colors is also handy for those that information about colors can be removed from the image with a low resolution. For recognizing the shape of an object, for a look at the color, you need a temple. The work with a color change of the shape of the subject allows you to change the hour of processing the image, and the score is less computer resources. The color helps to recognize objects of the same shape, and it can also be used as a signal or a sign (for example, a red color is a signal of insecurity). With whom it is not necessary to recognize the form of the sign, but the text, in new spellings. On the YouTube website, you can see the faceless butts of the vikoristan of the color machine gap.

Collection of information about colors

Photographs, as if processed by a computer, or captured by coristuvaches, or taken by a camera. The process of digital photo and video capture of the development of good, but from the processing of these images, especially in color, is associated with impersonal difficulties, many of which have not yet been overcome. It is connected with this, that the color image in people and creatures is already well-knit, and it is not easy to create a computer image for the human eye. Zir, like and hearing, based on adaptation to the navkolishny middle. Spriynyattya sound lay not only in frequency, sound pressure and trivality of sound, but also in the presence of presence or presence in the most important middle of other sounds. So in the morning - sprynyattya color to fall not only in the frequency and longevity of the sickness, but also in the features of the most common medium. So, for example, the color of the most important objects is poured onto our adopted color.

From the point of view of evolution, such an adaptation is necessary to help us call to the wrong middle ground and stop giving respect to insignificant elements, and direct all our respect to those that change in the wrong middle ground. This is necessary in order to make it easier to spot the hizhaks and know the hedgehog. Sometimes, through the process of adaptation, optical illusions are introduced. For example, in the staleness in the color of the most important objects, we take the color of two colors in a different way, to instill if the stench inspires light with the same long wind. In the illustration - an example of such an optical illusion. The brown square in the upper part of the image (another row, another column) looks brighter, the lower brown square in the lower part of the image (fifth row, another column). True, their color is the same. Navit know about tse, we all accept them all the same, like different colors. Oskіlki our spriynyattya koloru vlashtovan so smoothly, it is important for programmers to describe all tsі nuances in algorithms for machine learning. Regardless of the hardships, we have already reached a lot of things in our gallery.

Unit Converter articles were edited and illustrated by Anatoly Zolotkov

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Converter of price and weight converter of mass converter of input of bulky products and products of eating food converter of area converter of charge and unit of consumption in culinary recipes converter of temperature converter of vice, mechanical tension, Young’s modulus converter of energy and robots converter of tension converter of force converter teplovoї efektivnostі i palivnoї ekonomіchnostі Converter numbers rіznih systems numerical Converter odinits vimіryuvannya kіlkostі Informácie exchange rates Rozmіri zhіnochogo odyagu that VZUTTYA Rozmіri cholovіchogo odyagu that VZUTTYA Converter kutovoї shvidkostі i frequency now obertannya Converter priskorennya Converter Kutovoy priskorennya Converter schіlnostі Converter pitomoї obsyagu Converter moment іnertsії Converter moment Sealy Torque converter cient of thermal rozshirennya Converter termіchnogo support pitomoї teploprovіdnostі Converter Converter Converter pitomoї teploєmnostі energetichnoї ekspozitsії that potuzhnostі vipromіnyuvannya thermal converter schіlnostі heat flow koefіtsієnta teplovіddachі Converter Converter ob'єmnoї vitrati masovoї vitrati Converter Converter Converter schіlnostі vitrati molar flow Masi Converter Converter molyarnoї kontsentratsії masovoї kontsentratsії in rozchinі Converter dinamіchnoї (absolyutnoї) v'yazkostі Converter kіnematichnoї v'yazkostі poverhnevogo tightness Converter Converter Converter paroproniknostі schіlnostі flow vodyanoї bet Converter rіvnya sound converter chutlivostі mіkrofonіv Converter rіvnya sound vise (SPL) Converter rіvnya sound vise of mozhlivіstyu Vibor reference vise yaskravostі Converter Converter Converter sili Svitla Illumination Converter resolution in computer graphics Converter frequency and duration of lightness Optical power in diopters and focal length Optical power in diopters and zbіlshennya lіnzi (×) elektrichnogo Converter Converter lіnіynoї schіlnostі charge charge charge gustini poverhnevoї Converter Converter ob'єmnoї schіlnostі charge elektrichnogo Strum Converter Converter lіnіynoї schіlnostі Strum poverhnevoї gustini Strum Converter Converter Converter napruzhenostі elektrichnogo field elektrostatichnogo potentsіalu i naprugi elektrichnogo support Converter Converter Converter support pitomoї elektrichnogo electrical conductivity Power converter units Converter of magnetic force Converter of magnetic field strength Converter of magnetic flux Converter of magnetic induction Radiation. Potency converter Radioactive Decay Converter Radiation. Exposure Dose Converter Radiation. Clayed dose converter Converter of tens prefixes Data transfer Converter of units of typography and processing of images Converter of units of typography and processing of images Converter of units of the volume of wood materials Calculation of the molar mass Periodic system of chemical elements D. І. Mendelev

1 gigahertz [GHz] = 1000000000 hertz [Hz]

output value

the value has been converted

Riven sound vise

More details about frequency and longevity

Zagalni vіdomostі

frequency

Dovzhina hvili

Іsnuє impersonal different types of winds in nature, from sea winds called by the wind to electromagnetic winds. The dominance of electromagnetic ailments lie in the past. Such winds are added to a sprinkling of views:

Gamma Change up to 0.01 nanometer (nm).
x-ray changes with dozhinoyu hvili - from 0.01 nm to 10 nm.
sickly ultraviolet range, Yaki mayut dozhina vіd 10 to 380 nm. The stench is not visible to the human eye.
light in visible part of the spectrum with dozhinoy whvili 380-700 nm.
Invisible to people іnfrachervone vipromіnyuvannya with dozhinoyu hvili vіd 700 nm to 1 mmіmіtra.
For infrachervonimi hvili to go microhvilovi, With long winds from 1 millimeter to 1 meter.
Found - radio. Їх dozhina is repaired from 1 meter.

Electromagnetic viprominuvannya

Electromagnetic vibration and atmosphere

Mutually between frequency and longevity

light

We see light - electromagnetic whistles with frequency and longevity, like they signify the same color.

Dovzhina wind and color

mirror light

One of the natural materials with a high dispersion coefficient is diamond. Correctly processed diamonds strike brightly like in the outer faces, so in the inner faces, breaking yoga, like a prism. With whom it is important, so that a large part of the world was seen uphill, in the eyes, and not, for example, down, right in the middle, de Yogo is not visible. Zavdyaki vysokіy raspersії dіamanti even more beautifully shine on the sun and with piece lighting. Sklo, the cuts are so very, like a diamond, tezh syaє, but not very strong. Tse pov'yazano z tim, scho, zavdyaki khіmіchnym warehouse, diamonds vіdbivayut light richly richer, lower slope. Kuti, which wins when cutting diamonds, is of great importance, to those who are too old, or too stupid, or do not allow the light to shine through the inner walls, or to light into the frame, as shown in the illustration.

spectroscopy

For the purpose of determining the chemical warehouse of speech, it is necessary to use spectral analysis or spectroscopy. This method is especially good, as it is impossible to carry out a chemical analysis of speech, working with it without intermediary, for example, with a designated chemical warehouse of stars. Knowing that, as an electro-magnetic vibration, the body rots, you can determine what it is. Absorptive spectroscopy, which is one of the divisions of spectroscopy, is seen as a way of vibrating with the body. Such an analysis can be done in practice, which is why it is often used in astronomy, and also in work with jarring and unsafe speeches.

Significance of the presence of electromagnetic viprominuvannya

we see light

In the eyes, sound to know a sprat of a cone. People have three teepee, the skin of which dries out photons of light in the midst of the singing dozhins of the wind. When they are treated, a chemical reaction occurs, as a result of which nerve impulses with information about long-term illness go to the brain. Qi signals are processed by the brain zone of measles. Tse - dilyanka brain, vіdpovіdalna for spriynyattya sound. The leather type of flasks is only available for a short period of time, so for the removal of a new statement about the color, information, removal of all the flasks, they are folded at once.

infrachervone light

ultraviolet light

Color blindness

Works are being carried out to create more friendly minds for people with color blindness. For example, use the tables, in some colors they show the signs, and in some countries, the signs are victorious in the installations and large places in order with the colors. Deyakі designers not vikoristoyut or zamezhuyut vikoristannya color to convey important information in their robots. Instead of color, or order with it, stink of vicarious art, text, and other ways of seeing information, so that people can see it, if they don’t distinguish colors, they could empty the information given by the designer. In most vipadkiv people with color blindness. Most operating systems also allow you to adjust the color so that people with color blindness can see everything.

Colir in the machine dawn

zastosuvannya

Collection of information about colors

Unit Converter articles were edited and illustrated by Anatoly Zolotkov

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