Zharoznizhyuchі zasobi for children is recognized as a pediatrician. Allegedly, there are situations of inconvenient help in case of fever, if the child needs to be given a secret. Todi dad take on the versatility and consistency of fever-lowering drugs. Is it allowed to give children a breast? How can you beat the temperature of older children? What are the best ones?
You, who vikoristovu OS Linux on their computers, I know that you won’t be very vіdrіznyaєtsya OS Android mobile phone for a tablet. One of the obvious caveats is that you can use two OSs, but Android is in the meaning of the world of touch-based operations, and Linux is interconnected with keyboard and bear operations. However, offended operating systems and may not have the same core.
Linux is the best way to use an operating system, like a robot on an attachment with a fixed abo interconnected functionality- for example, vbudovaniya Linux on an intellectual refrigerator or a toaster. This allows me to add to the world the greatness of the computational pressure of Linux and the maximum amount of peripheral attachments. With the victorious on the annex with the fixed functionality of the Linux development, with the unprecedented operational efficiency and productivity, the victorious minimal memory of the tediousness, for the maximum
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Smartphones and tablets, if they want to have built-in outbuildings, are crazy about fixed functions (different models with no functions). A great deal of qih has added a tendency to create a tradition for the embedded Linux. The increase in the possibilities of hardware security in the installed Linux is also known for a change, especially in the fact that there is more to the power of the processor.
On the other hand, Android, I want a mobile operating system and a Linux platform, allowing koristuvach (virobniks) to initiate their own victorious schemes. This also allows the supervisors to dynamically pick up the platform. However, the deyakі additions erase the difference between Android and vbudovanim Linux.
One of the attachments of this type of supplement can be used in the TV attachment. Earlier, it was built with a fixed function, which is working on a built-in Linux. The staff of the improved functionality and dynamism of the TV set in the attachment can now be used to add additional features to the new software, similar to Android add-ons. In addition, Android has changes similar to those that are stuck on Linux. It's not just an operating system for a tablet, but a mobile phone system.
A lot of people don't know if Android and Linux can be used to create one and the same kernel. Protest, Android focuses on the vertical integration of its components for the space of the Linux kernel itself. In a large number of Android versions, you can see just one version of an embedded Linux - just like that, as a skin in Linux adaptations to the architecture of the processor, peripheral attachments, SoC adaptations, and to the intended attachments, to transfer.
The peculiarity of Android is in the way of improving and optimizing, saving with a large number of components and standardized API. The same is true for the middle of the rosette of the precursors, but more of the last. Slicedly, it also means, how do you image the Android kernels? great size, Schob pidtrimuvati ciu uzgodzhenist or standardization. In addition, there is an increased surface for professionalism.
With Android you have є great number functionality. It will remain in an hour that the process of supplying new graphics and SoCs will be in the middle of Android for the first time. Then let's go to other projects connected to the Linux kernel.
Televisions have long ceased to beauties forgive screen for broadcasting the image from the antenna. Now the stench is a prist_dit to complete a foldable і bagatofunkts_onalne. For a long time already on the TB you can look at the different sites, include the video in on account of accessі navіt grati in іgri. Smart TV technology is available for the widest possible range of modern televisions. This technology is based on running OS. There can be both efficient operating systems, as well as powerful rosettes of virobniks. The most popular operating systems can be seen in two: Linux and Android.
Linux OS
An operating system for Smart TV is given with the same OS for PC. You can watch the video and surfing in the Internet from the Sony company. There is also a simple possibility of installing additional supplements from the available catalog. Minus є those who, on the view of a similar system on a PC, are given an OS that is not so dull. On this Smart TV, you can install third-party add-ons and expansion, not transferred by the retailer. This is also the problem with the new additions. However, it can be a plus, since the code is closed, it will allow you to protect the koristuvachіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvіvі vі vіznogo sravkaniya і risikі in insanity and inappropriate robots.
Android OS
Given the system is the most popular, it is easy to learn and universal. On a TB with a given OS, you can practically install a supplement and launch a lot of igor. The list of additions is the same as on modern smartphones. The offense of the operating system and may not be recognized or interdependent.
Minus can be found like risiks, like winnies, like koristuvach virishu, install supplements from third-party vendors. I, if the system is in advance of the possibility of instability of the robot when installing additional data that is not transmitted by the virobnik, it is often difficult to get through the procedure, and it is difficult to understand the child.
Android OS є system display code I am offering a host of opportunities for evil-minded people. The installation of third-party add-ons can be wrapped up in a short display, if the option is installed if it is not correct, or it is not correct. For a girshi vipadku, the TV show can simply be reprogrammed to "ceglin", having lost its propriety. Given the situation, only additional help from the fakhivtsy can come to help the koristuvach.
Is it more beautiful?
Obidvі systems like Linuks so androіd nadayut koristuvachevі a lot of possibilities, re-transforming TV set like a computer with a lot of options. When choosing the OS of the TV view, it is more important for a new level of quality: the functionality of the product is more important.
Android OS has more power than Linux, however, the power of being supervised, especially for those who don't know much about their technology. Linux on TV, in its own heart, allows the gentlemen to get cold with all the main passages of Smart TV, without the risk of traffic shkidlivu program abo poskoditi televizor. However, the functionless function is surrounded by rosters, and the options are inaccessible for the operators of the entire operating system.
Need to see Android? Do you want to be in a private ecosystem? Security and confidentiality are becoming more and more important for smartphones, but what about you?
Would you be able to adapt from Android and iOS to the core of the mobile operating system?
If you need an alternative operating system, Linux will be prompted. Are there any Linux operating systems for smartphones available before installation?
1. Ubuntu Touch
Ubuntu TouchA collection of voices from Canonical, Ubuntu Touch is now available from UBports. Price means that the mobile operating system Ubuntu Touch is being rolled out.
Look Ubuntu Touch to smartphones іntelektualny, I can read the right from the day-to-day information, provide social, novelty and a photo tool. Try to keep an eye on the regions, on the other side of the main screen, as new items, weather, programs and social framing are set up.
All the same good pratsyuє, if you want to make a marriage the necessary additions.
The greatest power of Ubuntu Touch is convergence.
The whole system, even similar to Microsoft Continuum, is connected to the monitor, keyboard and mic and vicorist in the form of a desktop computer. The only real difference is that the phone has an ARM processor.
In a given hour, add-ons can be used to include telephones, on Ubuntu Touch, which will be installed in front of them, as well as OnePlus One, Fairphone 2 and Nexus 5 (Hammerhead). Lots of people are in active development, such as OnePlus 2 and OnePlus 3.
2. Sailfish OS
Sailfish OS Splinters Jolla, Mer (commercial ball stack), Sailfish Alliance (group of corporations) and members of the family, Sailfish OS є upgrades of the abandoned operating system MeeGo, based on Maemo and Moblin.
The remaining version of Sailfish OS is available as Sailfish X, which works on Sony Xperia X extensions. koshtovna versionє per hour.
The new version of Sailfish X is close to USD 50, and is only available in the European Union, Norway and Switzerland. How to sign on the website:
"... the registration of our website for the service from the purchase of Sailfish X beyond the borders of the Uponovazhenih lands zaboroneno."
Sailfish OS supports Android add-ons, which, as well as clicks, the OS varto try.
3. Plasma Mobile
Plasma Mobile
Plasma Mobile offers one option for smartphones. Plasma itself, engages in one of the shortest Linux desktop middleware.
Having lost a lot of respect for the 2017 rock (from the main one through the Ubuntu video from Ubuntu Touch), the Plasma Mobile meta - articles software system for mobile annexes. "
In the Danish Hour, the Nexus 5 (Hammerhead) and OnePlus One, Plasma Mobile (based on Kubuntu) are also available for PCs and tablets based on Intel, as well as versions based on Arch Linux.
This is also a multiROM support for Nexus 5 (Hammerhead), which allows you to run Plasma Mobile at the same time as your Android ROM.
The best thing in Plasma Mobile projects is that you can run the Plasma add-ons and widgets, as well as the Ubuntu Touch add-ons. The project has a wider variety of options, not Ubuntu Touch.
Інші mobile Linux projects
At the time of this writing, there are three other mobile Linux projects that can be considered:
Halium
Meta Halium, conceived as a system for polishing Maybut mobile projects Linux mobile annexes before installing Android. "
We also need to standardize on our software to secure and polish Linux access to audio, cameras, GPS and other possessions.
Once the project has been successful, it will be easy to install Linux on smartphones.
PureOS
A big new project comes in the form of the mobile version of PureOS, a Linux distribution from Purism that is confidential and secure.
In this hour, there is no opportunity to add PureOS for mobile attachments, the newer Purism phone - Librem 5, will be released in 2019. There will be the most secure and private mobile attachment, a large part of it will be found in the PureOS operating system.
postmarketOS
Describe yourself as a "reference Linux distribution for telephones" postmarketOS (pmOS) - the whole version of Alpine Linux for smartphones.
In the Danish hour in the early stage of development, I met pmOS є the stem of the stable mobile OS, with the pre-construction pidtrimkoy.
pmOS can run a wide variety of add-ons, including Amazon Fire HDX, Google Nexus add-ons, and telephony tablets Samsung Galaxy.
However, at the beginning of the early stage of the pmOS development, there are not many of them. Protest, proponent of the wall middle, the pmOS project seeks to finish the good, and the viconati has its own pre-construction mobile operating system based on Linux.
Datas to get Linux on Android
As far as you like, mothers want Linux in a kishine, but do not need to get more out of their attachments, є alternatives.
Stink allows you to run Linux (or press zovnishniy viglyad Linux). Basically, you need to program to understand it.
KBOX
A tool other than root rights, KBOX is described as "a project to root a miniature Linux distribution for Android add-ons, which will need a Linux-like environment - a console."
In such a rank, vіn maє bаgato wipes off the command line, ale inaccessible in Google play... You can change the way you visit the website, add the link and install the APK. Persh nіzh prodovzhiti, overtake, how in order to understand the installation of additional stones from third-party sites behind the boundaries of Google Play.
Zavantazhiti: KBOX (without koshtovno)
Linux Deploy
Replace the middle of the command line with Linux tools and you can view Linux Deploy from Google Play. A program with an output code for easy and quick installation of the GNU / Linux operating system on Android add... Linux Deploy lets you choose from a variety of desktop distributions. The stench vstanovlyuyutsya in the disk image in the attachment.
For installation, you can restore access to the middle of the Linux desktop on your phone or tablet.
Lock-up: Linux Deploy (no-koste)
Get credit for your smartphoneє Linux
Shorter than it seems, Linux is already available for buggy smartphones. Ale, in front of a shte dvgy path. Linux distributions on mobile attachments are very thin and all sorts of stinks will require your customization.
As long as you have є one of the most mysterious attachments, try the victoristovuvati crazy Linux distribution.
To spend a few days with him, to bother, as a price for you. Then, let's talk about those, as everything went through. Give him to the nobility, who spratsuvalo, but not.
If you don't mind the program, why don't you get your help from one of the projects in the box, but even more beautifully, you can try to break your hair mobile version Linux behind an additional project
Bagato Vlasnikov Android phones are hard to learn because of the launch of this Linux software on their devices. For all the laws of guilt, the pratsyuvati is guilty here, that axis is only necessary for the installation of what is needed root rights, Itself will be expanded into a self-made installer, and the vibration of the program is strongly enclosed. A lot of the article will be sent to the food, which happened so, and also the solution is a manual way to install and run any Linux software in Android.
Linux is not Linux?
Yak vidomo, android of projects on Linux kernels and includes a set of standard libraries and utilities of the command line, powering a very specific Linux distribution. However, the launch of the classic Linux software is very difficult here due to a lack of reasons, including the incomprehensibility of the ABI, the visibility of the package manager, vlasna system security and visibility of the components of the standard Linux-system.So, unaffected by the appearance of Android standard libraries libc and others, their implementation in a large number of vypadkiv is incompatible with libraries in the GNU project and is highly refined in functionality. For reasons of Linux-software, it is necessary to re-select a special Android and ARM-processor, and in some cases it is necessary to patch, add functionality, and be displayed in libraries.
BotBrew: list of add-ons added
BotBrew boo of protests on offensive annexes: Barnes & Noble NOOK Color, LG P970 Optimus Black, Huawei Ascend M860, HTC Desire, HTC Evo 4G, HTC Evo 3D, HTC Inspire 4G, HTC Droid Eris, HTC Hero, Samsung Galaxy Nexus, Samsung Galaxy S2 (GT-I9100), Samsung Galaxy Y (GT-S5360), Motorola Atrix 4G, Motorola Droid / Milestone, Sony ericsson Xperia X8, Asus EeePad Transformer TF101.
The Android system is secure, the add-ons are added to the privilege of the software and does not allow you to go outside the framework of the Vlas directory, as well as seriously overshoot the robots of the standard Linux software. This will often require you to remove root permissions, as you know. The visibility of the package manager, which allows you to install an extraordinary Linux-software, and not just a Java-add-on, which only needs to develop programs to write, you need only to install the add-ons. This is how all the custom installers are created.
Well, to complete the picture, there are just a lot of standard Linux components in Android, including, for example, such unavailable ones, such as the X Window graphical stack or the GTK + library. Doyaki try to bring everything here, bewilderingly, shy, ale far half-working alpha-versions on the right do not collapse.
Instead, it is possible to transfer the functionality of a stand-alone Linux-system to Android and the idea is even more addictive, since the entusies did not try to fail in the process of problems and give us a more universal solution. The most obvious and simple way is to launch a "virtualized" version of the mainstream Linux distribution, we have already written about it. The way of tsikaviy, ale of the guardians, is the problem of the subdivision of the system in two regions, the skin of which is right not far from the inshoi.
The BotBrew project has started to pop up - within its framework, a complete package manager and repository for Linux systems will be developed, for which it is possible to install Linux software in the vicinity of the Android directory. Also, at the right time, no luck was invented new scripts It allows you to easily and without any problems pick up an additional Android Linux software for robots on the great brother. Two projects will be assigned statutory reshta.
Botbrew
The BotBrew project has received a lot of problems with the installation of Linux software, like only you can win from a koristuvach, and a pidgotuvati Android system before accepting third parties for them. By day, the system is composed of several components:- repository with pre-compiled for Android add-ons, which you can install a lot of Linux add-ons for one additional command;
- package manager, in the capacity of which the lightweight Opkg or dpkg can be used simultaneously with apt-get in the experimental version of BotBrew Bazil;
- runit process manager, which is necessary in order to correctly start and trim the demons to the robot, as it will be installed;
- It is a powerful system to install, in order to take revenge in its own all the tools that are necessary for cross-compilation of supplements for the additional help of any desktop Linux distribution.
Pochatkova іnіtsіalіzatsіya
At the moment, the classic version of BotBrew is a classic version of BotBrew, which allows Vikorist to install such software, such as dcron, GCC, Git, dropbear SSH server, Lynx console browser, Nmap security scanner, Vimd backup tool, Vimd-script, Vimp-script editor, Vimd-script editor, Vimp-script editor, Move Python and Ruby, as well as dozens of other packages. Everything will be installed, up to the point of speech, in the vision of the catalog at the internal memory of the smartphone / tablet, and will not harass the main system. In other words, get around BotBrew and everything, having stood up, you can just see one catalog.
put software
So, how's it going to Vikoristovuvati BotBrew to install Linux software? For a cob, we need a package with the program itself. Win є on Google Play (I mean, BotBrew root is needed, not the experimental Bazil) and less than a megabyte. To install the launcher and onslaught, the "Proceed" button at the bottom of the screen, the software downloads all the necessary components for this robot, such as a console package manager, and a lot of other programs (in Debian Linux terms - bootstrap). If the stench of every megabyte is important, it will not be good enough to check. After completing the installation of BotBrew vivede on the screen for an official Internet-side project, as you can easily shut up.Now on the screen you have to add a list of packages available before installation. Їх to finish the rich, ale graphic additions from the descriptions of the reasons, you do not know in the middle of them. Take advantage of servers, computers and interpreters, so everything, if you want to seriously "use" your smartphone, will be de-deployed. To install the package, tap on this name and on the offensive screen, to avenge information about the program, press the “Install” button.
Dancing with tambourines
Once an hour of BotBrew's bootstrap, there were any problems, you can try to get it up by hand for the help of the offensive command:Wget http://repo.botbrew.com/anise/bootstrap/install.sh -O - | su
If it didn't help, you can try to see all the settings ("Remove BotBrew" in the settings) and then try to run the command.
When you send a package, sign up on the "Installed" deposit, however, there is no "Run" button, or any other kind of problem. Dodatok will be able to independently launch from the console, it is logical. The add-on itself will be installed in the middle of the directory structure / data / botbrew, in which the Linux distribution is actually sharpened with the / etc, / usr and other directories. And why not torment the koristuvach_ in the need to recruit a new path to the command, the BotBrew developers have transferred the same wrapper team to the same team. Start, for example, the Lynx console browser, then type the following command:
$ Botbrew lynx http://xakep.ru
Yak version - the directory / data / botbrew / bin can be added to change PATH, I would like to have a problem with the skin launch terminal:
$ Export PATH = "$ PATH: / data / botbrew / bin"
Behind the demons and the small hemmed services, before the speech, right to go more beautifully. When the daemons start, they will be launched immediately, and they can be controlled through the graphical interface, accessible by pressing the "Play" button in the lower part of the BotBrew interface. Deyaky add-ons can clamp the stem of add-ons and changes of parameters, it can be done in the same way as in a special Linux-system:
- Svorennya koristuvach:
$ Botbrew adduser vasya - Criteria for access to the Internet:
$ Botbrew addgroup vasya inet - Remixing BotBrew on іnshy koristuvach:
$ Botbrew su vasya
$ Botbrew opkg install dropbear
Zvorotna operation:
$ Botbrew opkg remove dropbear
To get started "on the fast progress", the BotBrew repository took an hour every hour to pick it up by pressing a button in the graphical interface (it’s not a matter of it). New versions of packages will be displayed on the "Upgradable" tab. Dos taput on yo іmenі і natisnut "Upgrade".
Botbrew basil
At the market, you can also find a supplement under the name BotBrew Basil, which is designated as an experimental one. By the way, all the same BotBrew, but with one great vіdmіnnіstu. Replace the powerhouse and the Opkg package manager from the Victorian Debian Linux ARM repositories and the apt-get package manager. The price means that there is a bit of software, as you can stand for the additional "Brazilian version" of a supplement, more. Dozens of times are larger.In addition to viewing Debian repositories, Basil can also be viewed slightly by changing the interface. For example, immediately after starting Windows, vibrate the installation directory. For substitutions for vikoristovutsya / data / botbrew-basil, well, at my glance, it is quite logical, you can only vibrate be-like the one, including on ext2-handed out pictures of memory (FAT does not go).
Another important aspect is the ability to vibrate the way the programs are submitted, as they appear immediately after the onslaught of "Proceed". Options here chotiri:
- Use BotBrew on the command line - in essence, analogous to the installation in the style of the wicked BotBrew.
- Use the dpkg / APT system - installation with apt-get and Debian repositories. Recommended installation options.
- Run Python programs - analogue of the first version of z automatic installation Python.
- Install a minimal Debian - Minimal Debian installation.
For the bootstrap BotBrew Basil, the same interface for managing the installation of the add-ons appears on the screen, which we know from the classic version of the add-on, and the botbrew2 command appears in the system, for which you can launch the software. There is no need to manage apt-get command here, but the apt-get command replaces the opkg and the ability to connect additional repositories (including the first BotBrew) directly through the interface of the installation.
Take the right in your hand
Precompiled add-ons and repositories with ready-made packages - is it great, but what do you need additional add-ons available for installation? Also, you can use the same BotBrew Basil, allowing you to connect the Debian repository with a great amount of software, due to its experimental nature, it is far from being used on a skin smartphone.In general, we can try to pick up additional items on their own. However, here we are checked all at once, there are some difficult ones: on the right, in order to fold the software for a smartphone, it will be necessary to provide the necessary cross-compilation tools, because of all the deposits, to add some additional code, it is necessary to add some code. All the time to finish the confusion please, as it is unlikely that it will take an hour to see it.
Therefore, we can speed up the process of folding the software. One of the most promising tsikavih decision from the whole area - a set of SCRIPTSET scripts, smitna software development from XDA Developers. Wien allows literally a couple of commands to pick up helplessly useful additions, including htop, ImageMagick, iptables, ELinks, Screen, mc, node.js, Samba, strace, QEMU, Parted, SANE !) і bezlіch іnshih. The script itself is a cross-compiler wikach, all the necessary deposits and additions, the patch, which is necessary, and the generator is ready to be packaged on the phone of the archives.
SCRIPTSET works only in Linux, ala, if you have Windows, you can install Ubuntu in virtual machine... The next step is to display the terminal and set the necessary requirements for the collection of the cross-compiler and tools:
$ Sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake autoconf2.13 scons
You can write a copy of the SCRIPTSET itself and use it as a package:
$ Cd ~ $ wget http://goo.gl/zvnom -O scriptset-2.6.zip $ unzip scriptset-2.6.zip
As a result of the repackaging, we will get rid of ... another archive: scriptset-2.6.tar.bz2. But not everything, archives of packing without a root directory, which is traditional for tar, that needs to be installed independently. I already in the new viroblyati rozpakuvannya:
$ Mkdir scriptset $ cd scriptset $ tar -xjf ../scriptset-2.6.tar.bz2
When the package is released, a number of scripts, configs, as well as significant revisions of the README file will appear in the catalog, so that the instructions on the script victorious will appear. On scripts, it’s not a bit vikonannya (no wonder, I’m not wondering if there’s any problems), so you need to put it on your own:
$ Chmod 755 * .sh
# Vi ~ / scriptset / configuration.conf // Directory for installing additional data on smartphones TARGET_SYSROOT = "/ data / sysroot" // Cylo processor TARGET_MARCH = "armv7-a" TARGET_MTUNE = "cortex-a9" TARGET_MFPLUGET = "neon softfp "
There will be enough for a correct collection of our programs; a standard ARMv7 processor with an additional set of NEON instructions. Such an uprising in any smartphone, let loose for the rest of the three-chotiri rock. The / data / sysroot directory will be used for installing additional data on smartphones, however, it’s not wonderful, it’s also possible to install it on a desktop machine:
$ Sudo mkdir -p / data / sysroot $ sudo chown user: users / data / sysroot $ sudo chmod 777 / data / sysroot
I will explain the author of the scripts, this is necessary for the way for key catalogs in the programs to be sewn into the folding stages. To that, we have taken a supplement, vicoristyuchi in the capacity of a root stream and be it a catalog, it simply wouldn’t be sent to a smartphone through a visibility in the way. I feel like I’m going to fix the problem behind the help of chroot, if it’s easier and faster to open the required catalog, and if I finish the job, I will see it.
Give me a list of programs that you plan to pick. For the whole display package_selection.conf file and minimum no to yes in required options. For example, bash, ImageMagick and Screen, you need to remember three offensive rows:
# Vi ~ / scriptset / package_selection.conf BASH = yes IMAGEMAGICK = yes SCREEN = yes
May on uvaz, scho nalashtuvannya, scho to be found in rows of # ALWAYS NEEDED, minty is not possible. Many supplements and libraries are required by the head, and without them, other supplements simply cannot be obtained. Now you can compile the programs. For the most part, run the build.sh script without arguments:
$ ./build.sh
As all the necessary packages were installed and the compiler was installed in the course of folding without seeing any pardons, as a result of folding in the stream catalog there are two archives: cs-sysroot.tar.bz2 and android-mysysroot.tar.bz2. The first one is a set of data that is necessary for launching additional data, not running with a cross-compiler, and the other - the set of additional data itself. The offense of the archive must be dropped onto the memory card of the smartphone, and then, having launched the terminal on a new emulator, or by connecting via ADB, two commands:
$ Tar xjf /sdcard/cs-sysroot.tar.bz2 $ tar xjf /sdcard/android-mysysroot.tar.bz2
As a result, the directory / data / sysroot will appear in the internal memory of the smartphone, in which there will be a distribution of supplements. Launch the next step from the same terminal, including a new path. for example:
$ / Data / sysroot / usr / bin / bash
Well, if you want to run the terminal to add / data / sysroot / usr / bin to PATH:
$ Export PATH = "$ PATH: / data / sysroot / usr / bin"
visnovka
Uninvolved in reaching the serious information about Android and a typical Linux distribution, installing the Linux console add-ons to the smartphone is not so easy. It’s a pity, about graphical add-ons, I’m still not going to project a port of the Qt library and the Wayland graphical server in Android, and it’s not bargain, I’m encouraged to accept a working solution.
Previously published in Hacker magazine from 08/2013.
