Intel g31 from nforce. Intel repairing the supply of budget chipsets P31 and G31

Also, the Intel corporation was showing a pause, even three rockets per hour, in the release of the revolutionary series of i9xx chips. Nagadaєmo, so in the wall systems we got it all at once: a new type of socket, new power supply, DDR2 memory, PCI Express bus (including options for video support) and High Definition Audio. Longer two generations of chipsets (i945 / 955/975 and i965) were deprived of the increased FSB frequencies and memory, as well as the introduction of new processor families (a combination of dual-core, and Core 2).

Nowadays, there is a new generation of chipsets, like, order from a radical change of numbering, the introduction of such important architectural characteristics of the system, like a bus of the zalous designation of that type of memory.

Intel X38 Express

The view of a new family of chipsets is logically from the top-end representative, which, of course, as long as they don't enter the market and appear deprived of the third quarter, as a whole friend of new chipsets. Significantly, earlier the model number of a top-end product was assigned with a higher numerical index (i915 - i925), now the top product is easily recognizable for the prefix X, which Intel thinks about whether it is not a ). The key characteristics of the X38 have been re-secured based on your promulgation of the block diagrams:

• support for "new" processors of the Celeron and Pentium systems, as well as all processors of the Core 2 (Duo / Quad / Extreme) family from a system bus frequency of 800/1066 MHz, including Maybut models from a system bus frequency of 1333 MHz;
• dual-channel memory controller DDR2-533 / 667/800 or DDR3-800 / 1066/1333 with up to 4 DIMM modules with a total capacity of up to 8 GB (with ECC) and Fast Memory Access and Flex Memory technologies;
• 2 graphics interfaces PCI Express 2.0 x16;
• DMI bus (with ~ 2 GB / s throughput) up to the new ICH9 / R / DH / DO bridge.

It is noteworthy that the wizards know all the key characteristics of the chipset. Let's sort out the innovation of the item.

Pidtrimka processors... Here, it immediately means that officially all 3x series chipsets do not support Celeron D, Pentium 4 and Pentium D processors (as well as Extreme Edition versions). The performance of the performance is not zoomed in by the changes in the characteristics of the processor bus, but by the new standard for the motherboard FMB (specifically, the VRM processor life module) more) -nanometer technology Clearly, a direct connection between the small chipset and the system of living on the motherboard is not important, but in most cases, it is easy to see the standard for Intel's development in most models. go to processors of the era up to Core 2. " Do not pretend to pay with an overnight Prescott and Penryn service.

Right before Core 2 comes up, then the X38 will be able to do it more beautifully: with the digital chipset, there will be official versions of all current and potential models Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Quad and Core 2 Extreme (including some of the core versions for them), because of them 1333 MHz. Three young families of new processors (Celeron 400 and Pentium E2000) on the X38 can earn everything, if there is no Celeron 400 for the top chipset in the marketing world.

Pidtrimka memory... The capacities of the DDR2 controller have not changed in all new chipsets (it’s not possible to transfer the DDR2 controller into a single slot and not transfer it, everything is explicitly implemented in the specifics), but you can pay for Intel 3x for DDR3 type memory. Specificity is the theoretical productivity of the new type of memory, which is already displayed in the context of the statistics on our website, here we are intermingled with a view of practical aspects. First of all, let’s call on the winners - why can you get DDR2 and DDR3 in one hour? Here, the situation is not related to the transition from DDR to DDR2: Intel officially does not test such a combination and does not change it into confusion, but motherboard software developers are not interested in robustness independently. Our readers, who regularly look at news, insanely also know about a number of models of combined boards, that same test was carried out on one of these (although, on the X38 itself, it was hardly possible to combine models). Dear, it is one hour robot DDR2 and DDR3 memory is very uncomfortable: at start-up, the board will start the robot with memory of one type.

In the context of folding systems, DDR3 is good for everything: less thermal imaging (the performance is reduced, so DDR3-1066 video is less, not DDR2-800), and the key is removed in roses. As you already know, for DDR3 frequencies up to 800 (1600) MHz are transmitted, and X38 will allow you to immediately use the same option - DDR3-1333. The axis of the availability and timing of the available memory of the situation at the time of the launch of Intel 3x is awful. DDR3 modules are not yet massively represented on the market, and in such minds one can use “elite” virobniks (on the Corsair standard), allowing them to sell for a crappy price of modules with an average performance. It is recommended to all our clever readers to read, scrutinize in an hour, be smart, to fall in price and to grow characteristics. For now, analysts predict that DDR3 will be 50% of the presence on the market in 2009, and until the end of 2007, the type of memory will hardly have reached 10%. Well, we wonder, in a practical part of the statistics, we will be surprised, but for what we will pay too much.

PCI Express 2.0... Here Intel is starting a prejudge impact, not only opening it, nreshty, a chipset with two new PCI Express x16 interfaces, which has long already boasted of the top products of competitors if the host controller implemented a different version of the standard. The practical aspect of storing PCI Express 2.0 doesn’t have to pick up old video cards, so it’s just a matter of getting it right, and it’s confusing when you are offended. In addition to the graphical interface, the innovation of PCI Express 2.0, which is better for everything, will be no less tricky, than two. More recently, the productivity of the PCI Express lane has been increased, so the connection with one channel (PCIEx1) now has a bandwidth of 500 MB / s from the skin side one hour, and for a 16-channel PCIEx16 interface, the total bandwidth becomes 16 GB / s It is perceivable that, in the closest possible, there are no practical cories from the whole system.

In other words, at the same time, there is an increase in the pressure to be connected to the bus: the PCIEx16 slot of the first version of the standard can be up to 75 W, but now the video card can be adjusted to 150 W. (Immediately, the power supply, as if "zyvі" vati to use on the bus - will there be a special supplementary rose on the X38 boards?) With a vivid rose of life on board (the tire 75 W was lacking), so now the top people are looking forward to see the life of the PCIEx16 rose happily, smelling in a short way of seeing from one of the two set of live roses. Well, here, obviously, the "merit" of SLI / CrossFire is great: the very top video cards in the first place are insured for pairing, both theoretically it is possible to clean up the life on the tires, then there are other types of video acceleration, thoughtlessly thoughtless You can start for such minds. Before you can connect a couple of video cards based on Intel X38, everything is like that and earlier: CrossFire is officially available, SLI is not officially available, and it will not work in the near future.

Likewise, the pair from the X38 will have a new inventive place from the ICH9 family, the functionality of the family of births is readily available.

Intel P35 Express

Briefly, the main functional characteristics of the bridge chimset are:

There are also a lot of innovations from the mens, with the most important ones deprived of DDR3. The processors are interconnected with these models based on 65-nanometer or 45-nanometer process technology, but through the description of the reasons (for motherboards on P35, forgiveness FMB design is transferred), Core 2 Extreme models (especially since P35 cores are not included in motherboards). Also the chipset of additions to the memory of DDR3-1333 (albeit, the additions of the speaker for setting such a frequency of memory). Replacing PCI Express 2.0 with the standard graphics interface PCI Express x16 (first version), like P965 and more early chipsets, P35 does not allow the tricky configuration of the interface for CrossFire support. However, as it was before, there is nothing wrong with the motherboard wipers - they smell on the basis of the P35 solution for CrossFire, including another slot to the bridge (now you can use the PCIEx1 peripherals). There is also one of the ICH9 family bridge for the whole chipset.

Intel G33 Express

The main integration of the chipset of the new family will be called G33, because of the functionality it costs the same as the P35. The reason is that in the third quarter Intel will introduce another chipset integration (now G35), with a smaller graphical core, and it’s necessary that the newcomer hasn’t matched the number with the top X38. Otzhe, G33, but with the P35 option with an integrated graphical core, a simple architecture:

Briefly, the main functional characteristics of the bridge chimset are:

• support for "new" processors of Celeron and Pentium systems, as well as Core 2 Duo / Quad processors from a system bus frequency of 800/1066 MHz, including Maybut models from a system bus frequency of 1333 MHz;
• dual-channel memory controller DDR2-533 / 667/800 or DDR3-800 / 1067 with up to 4 DIMM modules with a total capacity of up to 8 GB (without ECC) and Fast Memory Access and Flex Memory technologies;
• graphic interface PCI Express x16;
• integrated graphical kernel GMA X3100 using Clear Video technology;
• DMI bus (with ~ 2 GB / s throughput) to the new ICH9 / R / DH bridge.

Again, as the P35 chipset appears to be deprived of the obvious graphics.

Added graphics GMA X3100... We will help you, that the video drivers for the X3100 will be ready quickly, and by the way, everything that has been seen in the X3000 (G965) since hours. By the way, the new video core did not recognize the serious changes on the basis of the GMA 950 (i945G), so it’s the way to move the architecture of the X3000; It is possible to decide whether it is possible to carry out all the tests again. Leave it, the Clear Video technology has to be hardware-accelerated and improved (deinterlacing + color correction) video production (including HD), as well as digital video interface (including HDMI) Apparently, look at the Aero interface for Windows Vista. Also, for the GMA X3100, it has been announced that it can support HD DVD and Blu-ray discs, details are available for testing G33-based boards.

Intel G31, G35, Q35 Express

Let's say a couple of words about these new line chipsets. We will be released on the market in the third quarter of 2007.

G31 - integration of the chipset of the cob, the new one can be called with a great stretch. As a matter of fact, its functionality is located at the level of 945G chips, as there are calls for replies. To navigate a new place in the chipset of the same old ICH7 / R - in such a rank at the same time, the news and calls are not in the corporate sector leapfrog with the PATA response, as it happens in the hours of ICH8. The G31 will run a Core 2 Duo (not more than 1066 MHz FSB) and memory up to DDR2-800.

G35 - a series of chipset integrations with a graphics engine overhauling, which, like Intel, will become the first [integrated] solutions with DirectX 10 support. In the small G35, it will be even more similar to the G965 (beastly respect, but also the sound of video), and architecturally with the Intel 3x chipsets, if the York 13 Core 13-frequency Dufield 2 memory comes from the new 45-nanometer Wolfd DDR3 is also not used.Yak the bridge for the G35 will be stuck with the old ICH8 / R / DH.

Q35 (first forgiveness, option Q33) is the basis for Intel vPro business systems, chipset integrations with connected gaming capabilities. Nybilsh tsikavim will be able to connect the Q35 with the ICH9DO (Digital Office) bridge, so that such technologies as AMT (Active Management Technology) 3.0, Trusted Execution Technology and Virtualization Technology can be added. The Q35 also does not support DDR3 memory.

Intel ICH9 bridges

For new chipsets - new innovations in innovation. In general, to its brothers-in-arms, ICH9 has a number of evolu- tionary ones on a par with ICH8, as well as introduced (only ICH9R) one technology, as much can be revolutionized. Briefly outlines the main functional characteristics of the new family of paved bridges:

• up to 6 ports PCIEx1;
• up to 4 PCI slots;
• 4/6 (4 for ICH9, 6 for ICH9R) Serial ATA II ports on 4/6 SATA attachments 300 (SATA-II, another generation of standard), with an AHCI mode and a function on the NCQ port;
• Possibility of organizing a RAID array (only for ICH9R) equal to 0, 1, 0 + 1 (10) and 5 with the Matrix RAID function 1, before the skin array will be seen its part of the disk);
• 12 USB attachments 2.0 (on two EHCI host controllers) from the possibility of individual connection;
• Gigabit Ethernet MAC controller and special interface (LCI / GLCI) for connecting a PHY controller (i82566 for Gigabit Ethernet, i82562 for Fast Ethernet);
• support for Intel Turbo Memory;
• High Definition Audio (7.1);
• strapping for low-speed and old periphery, іnshe.

ICH9R traditionally comes from ICH9 for RAID array support, as well as two SATA ports. The special version of the ICH9DO (Digital Office) and ICH9DH (Digital Home) bridge is based on the ICH9R, but the first one proposes the additional functionality of Active Management Technology 3.0, Trusted Execution Technology and Virtualization Technology, and the other - Viiv Technology (positioning.

With minor evolutionary changes, it is possible to increase the number of USB 2.0 ports to 12, the implementation of the eSATA function and the expansion of the ports (which is also relevant for external eSATA ports) for modern SATA ports, ICH8) for individual connection. An alternative to raid arrays for saving money can be the new Intel Rapid Recover Technology, which allows you to install a disk image on your own Windows. In the first place, like earlier, the Gigabit Ethernet MAC controller is integrated, but they didn’t use it in the i965-based payment system - for example, for extra wall-mounted systems, the fence controller is included in Marvell, Broadcom, Realtek. PCI Express buses are cheaper. At the same hour, koristuvachi corporate systems vPro humorously evaluate the functions of the Intel form controller. Turning the PATA response to see it in ICH8 would be amazingly good, but it didn't really work out - Intel will take care of the power supply.

Naybilsh intriguing at the new series of new bridges Intel technologies Turbo Memory (in the process of development from Robson Technology). The essence of the її polyaga is in the module installed on the board with a NAND-flash memory package (for a cob, a copy of the version of 512 MB and 1 GB is transferred). Basically, mabut, the module will be installed in the PCIEx1 slot, if you want to connect in principle (for example, to the contacts for the USB wine port). Winigrash from Turbo Memory koristuvachi Windows Vista, and on the display, say, from USB-keyfobs from the flash-memory of integrations to the board, the module can be installed with the new Microsoft OS both for ReadyDrive, and for ReadyBoost.

Briefly, in the first place we can’t recognize the ability to drive a flash drive like a cache memory for a winchester - for a linear operation, reading a great game can’t be written here (there’s no flash memory in Ready Drive), so hard You will be spared during regular operations to exchange in small portions of the data, which are typical for reading-updating the download file (an hour of access from a flash memory is less, less from a hard disk). Dodatkova perevaga polyagaє in a reduced number of beasts to a hard disk (data are poured onto the disk in batches, during idle times, and reading is not carried out due to the obviousness of the required data from the Turbo Memory cache), as much as possible for energy saving - energy saving attachments

ReadyBoost expands the available memory for read-ahead readings and caches of tributes (from a hard disk), if you want the operative memory for a flash drive, you can't drag on, all the same, reading not from the winchester, but from the memory With a low hour of low access, it is possible to quickly speed up the locked program for displaying files (digits are called up to 2 times). Minus Turbo Memory the potential for short-term storage of flash drives, most of which are characterized by several cycles of overwriting close to a million (perhaps, several million), so that you can find many storage capacities. to the one of the postings.

Thermal imaging... On the other hand, the solution is due to the thermal imaging of new chips. Uninvolved on the basis of the same 90-nanometer technical process and folding logic, the 3x series chipset is less likely to be used, the lower the middle. So, the TDP for the P35 becomes 16 W (for the P965 - 19 W), while the new TDP chipset rots out of the increased FSB frequencies (1333 MHz) and memory (1066 MHz DDR3), so that in the early minds of the warehouse a bit more than 3 W for corianth P35. Likewise, newer chipsets have a lower maximum thermal imaging in idle time (5.9 W for P35 and 10 W for P965), although there is a small indulgence here for newcomers: the reduction in idle time is carried out for a drop of 2 DIMM modules, and not 4, instead of 4. G33, in principle, is characterized by the same longevity values, a little bit of a chipset can be displayed without a new video card, then it is possible to induce thermal imaging for the whole display: at idle - 5.75 W for T965 against 14 W against 14 W (the G965 has a record 28 W).

Change the reference radio for new MSI chipsets and fixes

The result is the difference in the setting, so it is easy to start navigating to the dotted line, when using the chipset radios. Prior to the speech, the decrease in thermal imaging, obviously, caused the overhaul of the standard system and cooling, and in the Intel documentation there are recommendations for the options for the chipset cooler, with a significantly lower weight and area of ​​the surface. Happily, quiet boards on the P35, which have been backed up (including models from Intel), have saved a number type radio (which is installed for i945 / 965 chipsets), well, but the top products of all sets are available, if you need to design vikorystannyam heat pipes - the camp zobov'yazuє, I want now to become a topical deprivation from a serious razgon. The results have a major breakthrough at the edge of unacceptable tendencies, since the hot i965 and nForce 600i were covered, well, soon there will be a breakdown of new standards on the addition of cooling chipsets.

Post-production productivity

Test stand:

• Processor: Intel Core 2 Duo E6600 (2.4 GHz)
• Mothers pay:
  • MSI P35 Neo Combo (BIOS version V1.0B16 from 20.04.2007) on Intel P35 chipset
  • Gigabyte 965P-DQ6 (BIOS D25) on Intel P965 chipset
  • EVGA nForce 680i LT SLI (BIOS P03) on NVIDIA nForce 680i LT SLI
• Memory:
  • 2 modules of 1 GB each Corsair XMS3-1066C7 (DDR3-1066)
  • 2 modules of 1 GB each Corsair CM2X1024-9136C5D (DDR2-1142)
• Video card: ATI Radeon X1900 XTX, 512 MB
• Hard drive: Seagate Barracuda 7200.7 (SATA), 7200 rpm

Security program:

• OS and driver:
  • Windows XP Professional SP2
  • DirectX 9.0c
  • Intel Chipset Drivers 8.2.0.1014
  • NVIDIA Chipset Drivers 9.53
  • ATI Catalyst 6.8
• Test programs:
  • RightMark Memory Analyzer 3.72
  • 7-Zip 4.10b
  • WinRAR 3.41
  • XviD 1.0.2 codec (29.08.2004)
  • SPECviewperf 8.01
  • Doom 3 (v1.0.1282)
  • FarCry (v1.1.3.1337)

Test platform

For the test, we took away one set of MSI motherboards based on the P35 chipset for testing, including one DDR2 and DDR3 memory module in one hour, as well as a set of DDR3 memory modules from Corsair, which will be done in two additional tests at the same time. First of all, it’s a matter of fact, how to adapt DDR2 and DDR3 performance on the same platform (P35), but in other words, it is rather offensive to the options of all platforms with new chipsets, presented on the market today. It’s logical to take the P965 (for a change, the P35 will come) and the top chipset of the remaining NVIDIA series - nForce 680i LT SLI our ordered motherboard itself is based on nForce 680i LT SLI).

The change of two types of memory appeared to be more important, some of the pre-release BIOS versions of MSI boards seemed practically not ready for DDR3: the BIOS of the P35 Neo Combo did not put pressure on the ability to display normal (for DDR3) the life time (1.5 V) standard) DDR2 scheme, that is, for the main timeings, it is unwise to have a value greater than 6). With a whole Corsair module in DDR3-1066 modes, as we have bullets, we didn’t have a delay with timings lower than 7-7-7, so the board was launched in the SPD timing mode. Additional problems were caused by the novelty of the platforms, as it did not allow the control of the timing of the display of times (those of the same memory parameters) by the numerical utilities for Windows. Happiness, last version CPU-Z is also smart and chipset P35, and DDR3, so with little information on everything said, the thing is to bring clarity into the distance.

In the DDR3-1066 modes (timings from SPD), it is from CPU-Z, the timing scheme was as follows: 7-7-7-20. The board didn’t allow the scale of the display of the main timing values ​​for 6, the DDR2 memory at 1066 MHz was launched with timing 6-6-6-18 for the most possible approximation of the results. At the same hour, at 800 MHz, our DDR3 modules unsuccessfully managed to get through with 4-4-4-12 timings, which made it possible to adjust the configuration with the P965 and nForce 680i LT SLI from the current standard mode. [email protected] So, since we didn’t have to pay for P965, it allowed us to start up our memory in DDR2-1066 mode, before the generation of chipsets in this mode, it would be more difficult for an NVIDIA product (we guess, in the tests it is close to i965).

Now, as we go to the test results week, the nutrition is theoretically possible. In ordinary minds (at the same frequencies with the same timings), DDR3 cannot be better than DDR2, and the main hope for accelerating the storage of a new type of memory can only be seen before the memory mode high frequencies... Actually, behind the absolute values ​​of the timing modes [email protected]і [email protected] ryvnі, so as well as memory vyrobnikov give in to the grace of the release of low-latency modules, DDR3 can be found efficiently in the "wicked" minds.

You can also change the DDR3 field in the increased capacity of the building, so how to store the memory can be used for O higher frequencies. It's a pity that you can play only on Maybut processors, so at a FSB frequency of 1066 MHz, the bandwidth of the whole bus is less than ~ 8.5 GB / s, so you will see the bandwidth of the dual-channel DDR2-533 building! As a practice, in such cases, increase the frequency and memory of the robot memory "for one gap", but it is not necessary to bring a small win, but it is really possible to use DDR2-800 because of a margin of memory for the memory processors with a 1333 MHz bus, now ni Tim more, DDR3-1600 is not required.

Test results

Traditionally, it is possible to remember the low-root potential of the memory for the additional test that was broken by our programmers.

Nagada, but unimpressed on the closeness of performance indicators in real add-ons of NVIDIA chipsets and i965 are even more reasonable to look at the synthetic test RMMA, so it is not so easy to respect for the whole difference.

P35, which for the quick reading of the data is worthy of comparison with competitors, demonstrating an even more cyclical effect: with robotic memory (like DDR2, or DDR3) at 1066 MHz, but the productivity is lower, but not in the DDR2-800 mode, LT SLI indicators are going down. The fact that it’s weak to get involved with our theoretical considerations, and the brutalization to the last few days, has been abandoned. Vlasne, we have lost in mind that DDR3 is better for DDR2 than it should be in case of regular timings. Of course, I’m not sure about the exact value of the evidence, some of them were quick to estimate the amount of evidence before the transition to real tests.

When testing new data, I will write us down to show the border indicators, which are reached for an hour by the method of direct saving of money, and the processor of the same architecture will smell the same. According to the real amount of information I will write on the riddle, the picture will be approximately as follows: new chipset As well as more competitors, DDR3 is more powerful than DDR2 (especially at 800 MHz), and so the very transition to 1066 MHz memory frequency accelerates the P35 with more memory types, albeit the NVIDIA chipset.

Nareshty, the memory latency test, and here the first surprise is the implementation in the P35 memory controller of a technology similar to NVIDIA's DASP - since the pseudo-bad reading from memory (not being radically different. Obviously, I can do the same with the same buffer as the cache, with the move. On the other hand, to win such a successful test of pseudo-bad reading from the memory of the P35 will definitely be outperformed by the competitors (in the case of the nForce 680i LT SLI). The standard DDR2 and DDR3 on the P35 have an old memory type rewrite, especially in DDR2 / 3-1066 modes, while DDR3 is more time-sensitive.

Tsikavo, ale, here we go to the frequency of the robot memory 1066 MHz to speed up, I would like to bring the absolute values ​​of the timing to a speedy value: in less clock time, CL4 for DDR2 / 3-800 for CL6 DDR2 for DDR2 10 ns, and for CL6 DDR2 1066 - 11.25 ns (not even thinking about CL7 in DDR3-1066 - 13.13 ns). Why so? Two explanations fall on the thought. First of all, I respect the bus frequency difference in Core 2 Duo E6600 and in DDR2 / 3-1066 memory: you can, more synchronous mode robots will take care of the perevagu deyaku. In the meantime, the appearance of something similar to the effect of the NVIDIA chipset is to make a thought, so that the internal optimizations of the memory controller start to appear, so the i965 itself will allow you to remove a small amount of memory from the start-up frequency.

Well, now let's move on from the look of theoretical aspects to real tests, and here it is already with numbers to the hands of an estimate of quiet configurations.

Otzhe, for real results, it is possible to rob the first time. On one side, we saved all that we mentioned earlier: P35 is not big (now we can say specifically - up to 7%) P965 and nForce 680i LT SLI, DDR2-800 on P35 are shipped, not DDR3-800 at regular times (3%) , and DDR2 / 3-1066 on the P35 is of the same type of memory at a frequency of 800 MHz (it’s not a matter to make an exact estimate here, like the timing for DDR2 and DDR3). O timeings. On the other hand, it’s obvious that the performance is 7% less likely to be lost in one test, and the robot with DDR2-800 is obviously not a P35 conic. Even more insight into the fact that [email protected]- Tse memory іz mayzhe with borderline low coverage, todі yak [email protected]- the standard version, which is also Corsair and the company, melodiously, will soon propose an alternative to the suttas with lower times.

Ale didn’t keep up with the test, wondering about the results of those tests.

As a test for the speed of video coding (because of our clear methodology), there are no surprises in checkout, here, as it seems, all the competition is the same, the process is surrounded by a factor of productivity.

The SPECviewperf professional 3D datasheet packages can only be shown to NVIDIA chipsets, which, in general, can be optimized by the graphics bus controller, and the memory robots can be optimized (and різні tipi on shvidk_st vplyuyut liche suto nominally.

In the games, there may not be anything new, I deserve the credit for the fact that in one of the Doom 3 modes (the first and the last time during the current test), P35 is an absolute winner (and obviously, in memory of 1066 MHz). However, the difference between chipsets in Doom 3 is not large, not more than 3%, and the difference between DDR3 and DDR3 is less than 2%. FarCry has three significant results, up to 4%.

Visnovki

It is important to assess the chipsets, as they bring together a few revolutionary innovations. In this case, we will smooth out the announcements of Wiyshov, so PCI Express 2.0 will be deprived of in the third quarter, with the release of X38, and the problems of consistency through the transition to the new version of the standard will not be cleared up. Another novelty, DDR3 memory, did not cope with us in particular feud with its high performance characteristics, but, fortunately, as the first generation chipset would have a minimum available vibration of DDR2 and DDR3, so the memory of the new type is possible. 'yati. Pidtrimka of new processors - axis, mabut, head goat of Intel 3x series. True, before the availability of these new processors, it may be possible to see the availability of the 1333 MHz FSB, but I will actually accept 45 models. nіkhto. A new, progressive place in the world, having added giblets here and there, and what is more important, the intriguing Intel Turbo Memory, will require a practical test before the verdict.

Before moving on to the productivity assessment, I would like to see if I check it, first of all, on the confirmation of the level of performance shown by MSI boards. Surely, all three payments, which were consumed before us, demonstrated absolutely the same level of productivity with robots with DDR2 (two of them accept only the same type of memory), before the very completion of the tests, we got a new firmware for the P35 Platinum on a few more) added the speed of the model. In addition, if we want and cannot live up to the combination of solutions to sacrifice for the speed of “vision”, to be afraid of this kind of being lost, so too early to put a speck in the diet about the productivity of DDR3. Yaksho vrahuvati vikhid [inexpensive, tobto mass] processors with a 1333 MHz FSB bus, the picture can be changed. Tim is not the man, having gone through a significant amount of tests, it’s unreasonable not to create any kind of visitor on its basis. Our updates are as follows: due to the improvements in the transmission and transmission of gears, the chipsets of the new series leave three more over the old ones (like i965 and NVIDIA nForce 600i), DDR3 memory in the current minds up to 2-3% for the P35 it is more beautiful to use the memory, which works at frequencies of 1066 MHz without interfering with timing.

Speak globally about the share of new chipsets on the market, X38 madly know its own, none and innumerable, top solutions, being one of the most beautiful chipsets on the market for functionality. P35, when starting early in the dark, is to blame for a year-old level of productivity, and its good functionality, low thermal performance, the appearance of promising processes and the type of memory will allow you to replace the old myself O th company. Turbo Memory technology, with a deliberate demonstration of all common authorities, can become one more argument of Intel 3x. About the integrated options for the overall development of the environment.

The Intel G31 chipset is used for inexpensive office computers. Prompted on the basis of the motherboard to pay, as a rule, the MicroATX form factor and basic capabilities expansion. The graphics core Intel GMA 3100 is designed exclusively for robots with office programs, as well as for awkward trivial programs. It is also significant that the budget does not pay off the functions of the promotion, and the innumerable vintages of this rule do not neglect the success of the computer entusies.

Our current viewer can learn from two motherboards based on the Intel G31 chipset. One of them was prepared by the Foxconn company, in order to achieve a strong position in the budget sector. Another board has been broken up by the abit company, products such as practically were found from the store counters. I, as it’s not all, ale, shvidshe for everything, abit I-G31 - the cost is the same for the famous company.

Specification

Boxes

Foxconn packaging design:

The Foxconn product was rejected in a more serious way, and the abit board used the axis in our laboratory in a test version - only the board itself in a package, apparently, it is not possible to evaluate the complete set.

Kit Foxconn G31MG-S

Foxconn G31MG-S is not available in a package bundle, the protector for a $ 45 won product includes all the necessary components.

Pay

The development of a low-cost product is interconnected by engineers with a rigid framework, the same system-paying type may have such characteristics as in competing products. The price can be seen wonderfully behind the viprobuvanny motherboards: on the whole, the teams of the developers have seen the factory "install the board on the G31 chipset at a rate lower than $ 50". Result - pay practically identical:

To cool the "pivnichniy bridge" on the boards, there are forced radіators:

The stench is necessary, including the fact that in the "private place" the graphical core of GMA 3100 is used, as it is from the background of thermal imaging. Let it mean that the Foxconn model has a radio station for the "new place", and in abit they spared on the details.

Pay for two 240-pin DIMM sockets for DDR2 memory modules, and the maximum amount of available memory is 4 GB.

One PCI Express x16 slot, one PCI Express x1 and one PCI pair are installed on the skin of the cards.

Now let's talk about the possibilities of expansion. Offense pay for some SerialATA II channels, but the possibility of the RAID array is not transferred. On the right, one of the found versions of the ICH7 bridge is found on the boards.

Here, obviously, the "first place" will provide the robot with one ParallelATA channel. Dal - offend pay for all USB 2.0 ports. The port configuration is the same for both boards: port on the rear panel and optionally add. Now - a couple of words about the High Definition Audio sound system. On abit boards, the Realtek ALC662 codec (5.1), Foxconn - the ALC888 codec (7.1). Offense pay for high-quality fancy interfaces - the Realtek RTL8111C controller is on the abit board, or the RTL8111B controller at Foxconn.

The Foxconn G31MG-S motherboard has one COM and one LPT port, and the abit I-G31 board does not accept these interfaces.

BIOS

BIOS of cards based on Award BIOS Phoenix version.

The main memory of Foxconn's payment is located at the "Fox Central Control Unit", and the memory of abit is at the "Advanced Chipset Features" section:

An important parameter that is infused into productivity is the price of memory frequency setting.

Now I am ready for the distribution of system monitoring.

Offense pay to display the current temperature of the processor and system (abit from the initial PWM temperature), as well as work springs. Pay now for the performance of the fan wrapping (abit - three, Foxconn - two) and the function of adjusting the performance of the processor fan depending on the temperature of the CPU. On Foxconn boards, this technology is traditionally called Smart Fan, and on abit - FanEQ:

Pay for access to all new Intel technologies.

Moreover, on Foxconn boards, the parameters of energy conservation of wine in the environment are distributed ("Green System Mode")

Also, you can pay to regulate the memory volume, so you can see it on the consumed graphical core.

Rozgin and stability

Persh nіzh go to the razgon, clearly perverted vivification. PWM board abit I-G31 is a three-phase circuit, in which two capacitors are installed with a capacity of 820 uF, chotiri - 680 uF and a chotiri - 1000 uF each. The Foxconn board also has a three-phase circuit, in which a number of capacitors are installed in the range of 820 uF and three - in the range of 330 uF.

On Foxconn boards, all functions of the "Fox Central Control Unit" distribution are distributed:

Moreover, the functions are oddly not large, and the stench is dispersed according to the number of children.

But if you pay abit, then the BIOS is on the go, whether it’s the function of the launch.

However, Foxconn might have a weak practical effect. Zokrema, the maximum stable FSB frequency is up to 350 MHz.

About Intel's plans to publish in the third quarter of the release of budget chipsets P31 and G31 is also known. Chipsets for the next few years will replace the chipsets of the i945x series. Pay on the basis of new chipsets will be equipped with 45 nm Intel processors, and it is not correct to pay for the merits of the chips. Some of the Intel P31 and G31 chipsets will accept the support of processors from the 1066 MHz bus, and in the first quarter it will be allowed to use the 1333 MHz bus. Wyrobniks of motherboards can immediately use a 1333 MHz bus for quiet chipsets, as such power is not compromised. Intel P31 and G31 chipsets will be confused about installing with i945x series chipsets, and now they will get too many - ICH7 and ICH7R, so that it will not be possible to get an upgrade to the IDE interface, which required earlier. In a word, there are some special innovations, such as integrated graphics to the Intel GMA 3100 class for the Intel G31 chipset, but the new system logic is not to be missed. The stench is introduced with the help of the unified range of chipsets - already in the fourth quarter of the year, another wall chipset, supplied by Intel, will be up to the x3x family.

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In such a rank, Intel G31 and P31 chipsets for a $ 30 charge will be included in the amity of the i945x series chipsets. Excitingly, well, it will not be suitable for the i945x series chipsets, it would be more difficult to find the market - it will be close to 35% in the first quarter of 2008. In another quarter, the mice of chips of the "third series" will be occupied by the new chipsets of the Eaglelake family, and the chipsets of the i945x series will take over the lower chipset of the I865x series. I ask you to respect that until the first quarter of 2008, a part of the i965x series chipsets will be one unit of the number of devices, and unscrupulously dominate the x3x series chipsets (60%). Prior to the speech, in the flow area, the part of the Intel P35 chipset will be reduced from $ 34 to $ 33, but it is unlikely that the parity of motherboards is very much in line with it.

The versatility of the Intel chipset portfolio is important to be smart, about some of the functions that go from model to model. The vibe of a specific model number is not obligatory to give you a chipset. So, for example, the G35 will need more graphics, but I won't use the DDR3 memory or the new ICH9 bridge, like the G33. However, the Intel G31 chipset is powered by a cob chipset that provides minimal energy.

G31 belongs to the category of wall-mounted chipsets for the mass market, meaning for "main numbers". This means that the set of system logic is not suitable for high-end systems and not available functions. Chipset G31 is a vigid version for an extravagant koristuvach. To that, there are such processors as Core 2, Pentium Dual Core and analogue Celeron, based on the Core 2 microarchitecture.

The G31 chipset has 4 GB of memory, the G33 and G35 can be used up to 8 GB. The low-end chipset will be replaced with DDR2-800 dual-channel memory (although DDR3 is not so short) and with the ICH7 integrated bridge replace ICH8, ICH9 or ICH10. As a result, the G31 will accept all of the SATA / 300 ports, but now there are two UltraATA / 100 channels, so as new chipsets will accept either one low-cut ATA channel, or even a slow one. The G31 with a built-in ICH7 bridge offers a wide range of USB 2.0 ports, HD audio, traditional PCI slots, and a 100-megabyte hedgehog controller instead. If you need a quick Ethernet connection, just joke the motherboard to connect to a PCIe controller to secure gigabit Ethernet. The offense to the motherboard, presented to our eye, is the same. I decided, I want the G31 chipset to have one x16 PCI Express slot for upgrading, but it’s not compatible with PCI Express 2.0.

If I want to know the FSB1066 frequency, all the G31 motherboards that have been opened, can also be used with FSB1333 processors. Offensive motherboards support all Core 2 processors, including Core 2 Quad processors. It’s not easy to put a three-phase stabilizer on the Foxconn G31 motherboard just enough for a Core 2 Quad Q9550 robot, as long as you think of the dual-core processor on the brownish one.

Graphics core GMA3100

Inspired graphic solution not to give such productivity and functions, like a decent 3D video card, like Radeon HD4850 ​​/ 4870 and Nvidia GeForce 260/280... Navit "masovi" video cards on graphic processors GeForce 9600GT strongly reverse the integrated solution. Tim is not the least, we have gone to the trimmings of the graphics, so that we can minimize the power supply as much as possible.

The G31 chipset reveals the integrated Intel GMA3100 graphics core, based on the GMA3000 cores. The same graphics core, like Intel for the first time in the line of 965 chipsets (called GMA X3000), and the G965 will adapt Pixel Shader 3.0, G31, G33, Q35 chipsets mean 2.0 However, there is enough for all functions of the Aero interface operating system Windows Vista. Motherboard with G31 chipset connect one analogue output to the D-SUB15 display, and one digital output to DVI. The GMA3100 is not suitable for HTPC (Home Cinema), the motherboard is not equipped with HDMI outputs; not readily from such boards of two digital inputs.

Processor Intel Core 2 Duo viyshov for a year 2006 and having made a splash. Unsatisfied AMD processor The Athlon 64 X2 is a common product that will improve productivity and save energy. With a clock speed of 2.66 GHz (2.93 GHz for the expensive Extreme version), the Core 2 Duo gained its miraculous status for two reasons.

The first improvement was in the increased bus frequencies of processors from FSB1066 to FSB1333 during 2007 with the release of P35 platforms and three modified processors. Another modification is the FSB1600 frequency in high-end models and a change in the technical process from 65 nm to 45 nm. All processors Core 2 Duo E7000, E8000, as well as Core 2 Quad Q8000 and Q9000 are based on 45nm Wolfdale cores... Chotiriydern processors Yorkfield vikoristovє two crystals of Wolfdale.

Over the year, Wolfdale processors have gotten away with it; The last modification was the introduction of the M0 step, as it allowed the reduction of the processor's power in the idle mode in the case of the L steps. Crazy, the L2 cache has been changed є by one more possibility of lowering the power supply, they didn’t get too fast.

Have the present moment The E7000 line is available in two models: the E7300 with a clock frequency of 2.66 GHz and the E7200 with a frequency of 2.53 GHz. The offense models were based on Wolfdale cores, but they have less than 3 MB L2 cache and lower the frequency of the FSB1066 system bus (for example: all Core 2 Duo E8000 processors may have FSB1333 and 6 MB L2 cache). The E7000 line does not accept either the VT or the Trusted Execution (TXT); for our purposes, it is not a problem, some of the offense of technology is not a concern for the coristas of mass desktops. The L2 cache has been changed from the same decrease clock frequencies to rob the whole processor with a miraculous vibration for a computer with a high level of efficiency in energy management, so you can follow the results of our test. Unimportant to the claims of the thermal package of 65 W, the Core 2 Duo E7200 offers less energy than the price of a stele.

The chipset is an important storage computer, some of it is to avenge the efforts of the important interface, which is why it has a set of system functions.

For example, all modern chipsets have free interfaces for expansion cards (PCI Express or PCI), a dual-channel memory controller (on Intel platforms), a number of USB 2.0 controllers (two ports per controller), HD Audio controller, gigabyte controllers control of Serial ATA accumulators from the choice of ports. Deyakі chіpsetiyat і controllers of remote keruvannya.

Chipset Intel G31 Express

Chipset Intel G31 є chipset of cob and with minimal energy. G31 belongs to the category of wall-mounted chipsets for the mass market, meaning for "main numbers". This means that the set of system logic is not suitable for high-end systems and not available functions. Chipset G31 is a vigid version for an extravagant koristuvach. To that, there are such processors as Core 2, Pentium Dual Core and analogue Celeron, based on the Core 2 microarchitecture.

The G31 chipset has 4 GB of memory, the G33 and G35 can be used up to 8 GB. The low-end chipset will be replaced with DDR2-800 dual-channel memory (although DDR3 is not so short) and with the ICH7 integrated bridge replace ICH8, ICH9 or ICH10. As a result, the G31 will accept all of the SATA / 300 ports, but now there are two UltraATA / 100 channels, so as new chipsets will accept either one low-cut ATA channel, or even a slow one. The G31 with a built-in ICH7 bridge offers a wide range of USB 2.0 ports, HD audio, traditional PCI slots, and a 100-megabyte hedgehog controller instead. If you need a quick Ethernet connection, just joke the motherboard to connect to a PCIe controller to secure gigabit Ethernet. I decided, I want the G31 chipset to have one x16 PCI Express slot for upgrading, but it’s not compatible with PCI Express 2.0.

Motherboard with G31 chipset connect one analogue output to the D-SUB15 display, and one digital output to DVI. The GMA3100 is not suitable for HTPC (Home Cinema), the motherboard is not equipped with HDMI outputs; not readily from such boards of two digital inputs.

The G31 chipset is not a great function, as it would have been special. I don’t accept DirectX 10, I don’t need 3D productivity, as I wouldn’t need 4 GB of memory for igor and enclosure. But everything is not so critical for a basic PC for every robot. The G31 chipset is cheap, it will accept all Core 2 processors, including some core models, and it accepts high-end video cards. Vyrobniks of motherboards themselves have reworked the G31 from the "nevada" for the mass market on a chipset for efficient platforms.

Who has the idea of ​​the new and new bridges for INTEL and AMD

Intel has a chipset of representations with a virtual bridge, such as the rosetting of instructions from the processor and "display" for all high-speed attachments (processor, video card, RAM), і an integrated bridge, which is used for a robot that connects a low-speed interface (Winchester, audio, PCI slots, USB too). Bridges are also used for other tire implementations, for example V-Link from VIA.

AMD platforms have only one chipset, some memory controller for the processor, and the connection of peripheral attachments has a PCI-E analogue - the Hyper Transport bus.

Intel Chipset History

For the rest of the rock, there were a few Intel chips. We have updated the data to the tables, showing how the development of the chipsets from the separate graphics is displayed, repaired from the first SDRAM chipsets for the Pentium 4 (2001).

Chipsets, which came out with 915 and 925, were not perceived as revolutionary functions, ale the stench all the same, we spilled over the front models. 925XE became the first chipset, having adopted the FSB1066 bus (physical frequency 266 MHz), which was required for the first Pentium 4 Extreme Edition processors. 945 and 955 (Lakeport and Glenwood) increased the frequency of DDR2 memory up to 333 MHz (DDR2-667), and ICH7 added two PCI Express lines (there are more PCI Express lines), and the SATA controller was upgraded to Serial ATA / 300. The RAID interface has now overshadowed the array of RAID 5, while Intel is now available on two low-cost UltraATA / 100 interfaces. For dual-core Pentium D processors, the required chipset is 945 or 955.

ICH8 became the actual bridge for the line of 965 chipsets (Broadwater), as at the same time the 975X became the foundation for the Intel Core 2 processors. The ICH8 accepts SATA 2.5, including a SATA (eSATA) port, and a Gigabit Ethernet controller. The base model ICH8 accepts a choice of SATA ports, while the other RAID ICH8-R is available as well.

Skin generation of chipsets is low for models, such as vikoristoyut in the graphics core, vikoristovuchi for the frame buffer part of the OZP. Chipsets 915G and 910G support the graphics core of the GMA900 using pixel conveyors operating at 300 MHz, it can be used for hardware decoding MPEG2 and DirectX 9. For the 945G chipset, the graphics core has been updated to 9.0 Model 9.0 Ale GMA950 accepts HD video. Nareshti, the line 965 has a graphical core GMA3000 with a large programmed conveyor, like working at a frequency of 667 MHz when launching video or graphical configurations.

Intel P45 Chipsets

The P35 line (Bear Lake) was replaced by the P45 line under the code name Eaglelake. Nova liniyka The chipset is stocked from some of the older models (two of them have a built-in graphics) and to bring the PCI Express 2.0 standard to the mass market.

New functionality for the P45 chipset: it accepts PCI Express 2.0 graphics, effectively supporting the bandwidth of the PCI Express skin channel from 250 MB / s to 500 MB / s per line (in one direction). However, if you want to play with a higher bandwidth, the PCI Express 2.0 interface requires a PCIe 2.0 expansion card (for example, a video card).

The PCI Express 2.0 bus is more powerful, so the P45 chipset is less efficient from the point of view of energy efficiency, the lower one, unimportant to those that P45 are prepared for Intel's 65-nm process technology.

The P45 is the first Intel mass chipset, which will accept 16 GB of memory, while the P35 will have 8 GB.

Intel P45 Express Chipset Block Diagram

All motherboards on the P45 chipset may come up with new functions.

• An adaptation of the entire family of Core 2 processors, including Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Quad and Core 2 Extreme 45-nm and 65-nm process technology, Pentium Dual Core and, as a rule, Celeron.
• ATI CrossfireX configuration support from without video cards.
• PCI Express 2.0 up to two slots, physically standard x16 cards, or on eight skin lines.
• Additional PCI Express 1.0 slots.
• Number of ports Serial ATA 3 Gb / s.
• Gigabyte Ethernet with small PHY-chips.
• RAID 0 and 1 (to support RAID 5, an additional ICH10R is required).
• AHCI SATA 3 Gb / s with "native" command queuing (Native Command Queuing).
• ESATA interface (if available): all pink SATA can be plugged into the back panel of the motherboard and can be plugged into eSATA.
• High readability sound (HD Audio): from the motherboard on the P45 chipset, you can achieve a minimum of a simple audio codec, as it will display the entire sound processing behind the help of the central processor.
• Pay do not support Windows 98 and Windows ME

Chipsets line 3x (Bearlake)

Chipsets of line 3x (Bearlake) are available from the following options: G33, G35, P35 and X38. All chipsets, as before, can support Intel Land Grid Array socket with 775 contacts (LGA775).

I have a lot of respect for the new pivdenniy place ICH9. While ICH6, ICH7 and ICH8 were packed in a 652-pin BGA package, ICH9 would be packed in a 676-pin Ball Grid Array package, and the new one has 4.6 million transistors and vibrates at 130nm. I want transistors to be higher, lower at ICH8, the thermal package, both earlier, to become 4 watts. ICH9 will provide a wide range of Serial ATA / 300 ports with NCQ (Native Command Queuing), as well as support eSATA and port multipliers, which allow you to connect up to one SATA port to some SATA add-ons. Yak mi viyavili, the productivity of USB 2.0 and RAID on the ICH9 bridge outperforms ICH8 and ICH7.

In such a rank, yaksho motherboard on the 965 chipset, VRM 11 will be added, on some technically it is possible to install a 45-nm processor. VRM 11 program of the line of living behind the addition of 8-bit IDs (VID), but even the time limit is 0.00625 V. VRM 11 also allows distribution of software more phases, and the line is so called modulation of growth and decay (dual edge modulation), which gives the ability to stabilizers to supply powerless impulses to transistors, vicorist capacitors of smaller capacity. Meta polygons are not only at low crocs, but at low labor force for 45-nm processors, but at low labor force for 45-nm processors, but at unprotected enough force at winter, spring breaks, which can often change. Everything is done at once due to the specificity of the build-up of tension.