Principles of radio station programming. SHO TAKE CHANNELS THAT YAK VIBRATI The required channel for splitting

Today's professional, those amateur radio stations, as if they were electronic, would require a good quality service. Besides, most of the time it is not so easy to bathe in singing tune-ups. To set up the required frequencies, or to make any changes, a special programmer is required. Vyrobniki ratsіy, wickedly, they don’t add a plug-in programmer at once from radio stations, but buy it for an okremu price (і chimala).

Programming and reprogramming of the radio station - the process of establishing the working frequencies, the effort and change of adjusting the radio stations for the necessary parameters for the additional computer, the programmer, and any kind of software security. Our service center has its own arsenal only because it is more proficient in possession, as a guarantor is more literate and efficiently set up software security for any radio station model.

Do you want to do it yourself?

You can, obviously, flash the radio station on your own, ale tse clutter up with problems. First, a programmer is required, the driver and firmware are required. It is also not a matter of forgetting, but the program of securing from the radio station is constantly updated. So, your firmware is obvious, it’s probably already old, and it’s necessary to use it in the Internet. It is not a fact that you know and that you will be more enchanted without koshtov.

Racia firmware

In other words, the firmware of radio stations by amateurs can lead to serious problems in the possession of a robot. Find out the singing subtle and nuances that are available only to the admitted professionals.

I, nareshti, in a third, self-directed firmware will take away from you a costly hour, you will be able to navigate through the instructions. Navigating a robot with a help software is tedious and scrupulous. Our sportsmen will be able to get in touch with the deliveries as quickly as possible. And all of that, we have є the frequency base and the firmware for the skin specific races.

Upgrade the firmware that

radio station program for professionals

The service center near Moscow has a website that promotes services from the adjustment of races: reprogramming, as a rule (all races), as well as partly (for example, the program is deprived of one keyboard), setting up the necessary robotic frequencies without the need for robotic frequencies. etc. Our fahivtsi reprogram without any problems and sound like different races of new models and virobniks, and the stench starts to sound at the same frequencies.

Yaksho you bazhaєte, your radio stations were clear and accurate, and the sound of the call is fixed at the top - go to the service center of radio-repair.ru.

Science fiction novels have a smut radio. Under new
ochіkuvalosya happiness of the people. The axis is radio є, but happiness is mute.

Ilya Ilf

Most people know about such a situation. There was a radio station. Pracyuvala. Virishili: you can do it more beautifully. They shopped, pid_tknul k_ntsі, reprogrammed. Everyone is welcome. The radio station is no longer practical and is amazing. I do not program anymore. It fell, having hammered in the legs, the mood, and the food has gone on for a new sprint: how are you going?

For the ear of sprinkling, it could be. Shvidshe for everything, becoming such a beast at the program, but recording in the radio station, incorrect data shook the program of the processor of the radio station itself. Pererakhumo lectures symptoms of incorrect programming
1. There is no transmission to the reception on all available channels, the probability of the radio station being able to see sound and light indication.
2. The channels do not change, the reaction to the buttons is inadequate.
3. The radio station cannot be read and / or not written as if the computer program appears to be unintelligible.
4. When the programmer is connected to the station Bula bavovna, iskri, dim, firing the strum parts, the program of attacks with an electric strum. In general, they were affected by candidates for rostin.

It is also impossible to overhaul the symptoms of an incorrect program, but roguilda itself about radio programmer.
1. The station is not broadcasted or received on any channels (replace the pop, write UNLOCK too little), but it is written and read correctly. Also, we got used to recording the frequencies and the position of the working range, and the station did not work through the visibility of the PLL.
2. Station pratsyuє not on assignments, but on rounded frequency nominals, as well as generating not the same CTCSS tone. When the nominals were introduced, they vikoristovuyuyu as dozens of razdilnik not a point, but to whom, it’s wrong. Coma and offensive symbols of the bullets are shown by the program and recorded rounded values.
3. Correctly working the station will not be able to read it, otherwise the password will be energized before the hour of reading. Well, the station's doers can be stolen from reading. Well, vibrate. Try a station just write it down.
4. Writing, reading is correct information, ale station is not correct. We were smart and physical. Without repairing the program, there is still no improvement. Roztin will show ...

SCHO TREBA BULO ROBITY

Yakshto finish dovgo psuvati car, get mad.

"Schmidt's Law"

Well, well, we got on with it ... Now, with a little bit of sadism, it’s clear that it’s necessary to be robotic, so that miracles of technical creativity do not appear now.

1. Smolder - correct eating. For the livelihood of the mobile (stationary) station, before the hour of the program, the vicorists are guilty of the staff unit of the station, which looks like a secondary stream of the station. The one who will not die before the hour of the procedure for pouring the tribute. On the right, it’s not easy for the signal lines of the program to go with the bus "Nasty and Talk", mabut, with the economy of the processor. Yaksho station vipadkovo vide on transfer to the cob pouring tributes, and Harchuvannya in case of a complete loss, for practical guarantees... The same effect will occur in the event of badly connected abnormal wires connected to the contacts, which can be oxidized, etc. So it’s better not to save money on kharchuvanni - it’s more expensive to pay off. Before the station, to be worn, then plug in the battery again and again with clean contacts.

2. Not less important є correct connection the block of living, as it is, is great, the station is powered from all over. It is necessary not only not to be merciful with a hemline, but to prevent contact from grounded ones. On earthen plugs, the computer's living unit is not guilty of new potential.

Here you need to make a report. One of the largest connection options is visible (Fig. 1). The computer switches on at the garn with a socket with correctly grounding connections, and the living unit - at the rotting podovzhuvach vzagalі without grounding. Low-voltage earth on all zvnіshnіh roses of a computer that dzherela vivacity practically depends on z'єdnana from the earth of a net (do not cheat with zero). Zero і phase darts in the outbuildings, especially with impulse ones, are shunted to an earth capacitor (in our category C1 and C2) with a nominal value of tens of nanofarads. Here, at the wiring nadra, the grounding ground is connected to zero, it is unlikely to overturn one of them. If you bring the programmer's roses to the pink radio station, if there is a maximum amount of stress in the hem, then you must change 300 V between the phase and zero. will be zero. In case of a connection of a rose (indications for a little rose only to an earthen contact), according to the station's earthen conductors, the programmer and the computer flowed through the strum Іу, with good potential, recharging the capacitors. The kidok struma becomes tens or hundreds of amperes, and the power of the capacitor can be completely cleaned up for re-palletizing thin handy conductors in the middle of the radio station. As soon as the first one knows not an earthly conductor, but a signal one, it is possible to burn the processor. There were precedents.

Rice. 1. Incorrect electrical connection

Shukati taku inequality is not easy. Moreover, there will be one station out of dozens, and it will be great to call everything on a factory defect.

If there is no grill grounding, then it’s too early to relax. The razkid of the nominal capacitors is all one to give the difference in potentials on the "earth" darts. And if the sockets to the living unit and the computer are sitting in the lower phases, then it’s already gone. Viznovok: the unit of living of the station and the computer is responsible for connecting up to one pilot, which has a grounding contact. It is not respectful, because of the grounding according to the netting, the smut to unify the potential differences on the "lands".

3. Good contacts on signal lines will even be even before the speech. Contacts may be even higher. Niyakikh little chalets, "fringes", how to be shaved off by a stream of twaddle from the targan, scho probing povz. Rotten contact from the great ymovirnistyu will write it down for an hour.

4. Correct programmer guilty buty of the past. Not necessarily a full-time programmer, but also a self-box. Schemes of regular programmers are often far from being masterpieces of circuitry. Ale the scheme of the self-box is to blame for the safety of the station:
- struma on the line of life between the programmer and the station is not guilty of changing 10 ... 15 mA, on signal lines - 3 ... 5 mA;
- the effort to liven up the radio station with a pardon connection cannot be consumed on signal contacts;
- the programmer's transmissions are guilty of ensuring the correct impulses - proper amplitudes and not overlapping fronts.

We'll be correct in advance to reconfigure the base of the radio station. Vivedennya earth is guilty of the mother of zero support for metal parts of the building of the radio station. If it’s not so, then the cap is incorrect, because the plug-in of the self-propelled programmer is more beautiful. You can read the report about vimogi to the programmer at the statti "Principles of radio station programming" .

5. The firmware program for the ma buty without pardons is correctly launched. The program is supported for the MS DOS operating system; On Windows 98, re-enabled in MS DOS modes. All of the tricky ones are inconsistent. If you have Windows 2000 or XP, then you need to boot from the floppy disk or, more quickly, from the enchanted CD-ROM.

6. It is necessary to get the correct connection validity all units one to one. The programmer must be connected to the computer port, if the program is not running. At the same port of zakritiy, yogo vyhodi, except maybe TxD, translated from high-impedance stan. As required, the station is connected to the living block. Launches the program. Before connecting the station to the programmer, you need to press a knob or a button on the front panel, if you logically chat will be blamed. Contact us can be accepted by the station for the first information. Now the station before you need to read, information to save the file and also some modification files. In the first place, so there are more chances to ask for correct adjustment, but in a different way, if you need to update it, if ... The programmer is also required when you open the station.

SCHO, VLASNO, ROBITY NOW

Idea is elegant. Ale is not pratsyuvatime.

Oleksandr Shuvalov,
radio engineer

Well, zagalom, not everything is consumed. The axis is now being repaired by the engineering and amateur creativity, so that it’s going to be done, in the meantime, the deyakoi algorithmizatsii. But itself ...

1. Without panika - you won't be better. Before needing to calm down, drink kawi, tea, fruit drink, ... "I did not ask for any tea or coffee ..." A.S. Pushkin, "Dubrovsky". At any time, the shyness of a dramatic viraz at the accusations and vigoloshennya back to the word "Constipation-o-o-ol ..." can be pinned.

2. Restart, and for consuming the newit program... If you have blocked the program from the Internet, then you can use it if you have been blocked. Download the program. As soon as the operating system is amazing, it’s okay to change it. As a DOS program, it is necessary, without vipending, to disable DOS. As the Windows program is, the system is innocent but rewired by the already running programs. Innocently, but everything is running ... It is recommended to restart the radio station by switching on a couple of chilins from the battery life unit.

3. Clearly conduct all connections. Pidhid type "comute in an easy way and software in a quick way" slid to wake up. Have fun, years.

4. Try to program the station again It is possible, that the reason for the slaughter has been weighed down, and the processor program will now behave adequately.

5. Sprobuvati, not reading, fill the station in advance with a correct file Danih. Name, files with correct data for changes є in the set of programs. The program is too low to generate a clean file, it is necessary to set the type of station correctly. If you want to read and write down the station, then you can fix the svyatkuvati. Yaksho ni, then they drove away.

6. Try to catch the station from a svidomo reference. On the right in that, when the computer program is exchanged from the station to carry out revisions: the correctness of the message, the type, etc. In the mode of cloning the station, the changeover can be less, the more realizable on the basis of the built-in processor is more foldable. Shkopravda, for the whole mother's need I will surely use that cable for cloning.

And if everything didn’t help, then it’s worth noting anything, for the sake of artillery.

7. Zastosuvati repair programmer. The essence of yogo is offensive. Through incorrect settings, the station gives an inadequate display to power up the tuning programs. In principle, the station can be reloaded, or the program is connected to the station of an unjust type. I just think about doing the recording. Lamati program - busy dovge and not all power. Ale, if I may in advance I will help the radio station of the same type, the program can be fooled. The idea is simple: to record information synchronously at a station that is not fair, and when you see it, if you do not see it.

The diagram of the repair programmer is shown in Fig. 2. Based on universal programmer for radio stations, with a specific adapter.

Rice. 2. Repair programmer

The growing lines of reception and transmission of data are typical for professional radio stations KENWOOD, a remitter of such mobile stations of readings to the left lower baby. Until the right station to connect to roses from the meaning "good", to the wrong - "nasty". The "good" station has a lanceyugi and reception, and transmissions, normally transmitted in the programmer. At the "nasty" station, the data is transmitted, and through the okremiy key on the transistor VT1. Uwaga! Viklyuchiti dodatkovy key transmissions of donations, having shared the transmission lines of reference and unjust stations, in any case it is not possible! As soon as the "nasty" station is physically staged, then the equal pressure on the transmission key outputs will be created, and it is possible to program it for a "good" station.

In such a rank, when you write a message, you will be deprived of the "good" station. The program does not appear as if it was a primus plant, and it was sent to the station of correct data. practical butt. For an hour, read the information about the type of station. If the type of station is not adapted to the program, then the other operations will be blocked by the program, so that you do not use the "stranger" station. Reversed, when recording the tributes, the station type will be overwritten (!). Trapez, which type і enroll in a bad way. With repeated furrows, the station is not physically correct, and the program will not work! In service centers, it is even more expensive to replace the control unit of the station. The axis here is a required repair programmer.

Rejuvenation 1. Typically "good" and "bad" stations are guilty of being guilty exactly, to the specific modification, number of channels, a set of buttons, etc. In addition, incorrect information will be uploaded, and it is impossible to get it wrong.

Rejuvenation 2. Take the extreme care of the repairer programmer. Not far away, there is a good way to get to the station. Also clearly designate roses for the "good" that "rotten" station. Overwhelm - download one more station.

Rejuvenation 3. Do not wait for the repair programmer to allow the primus to record the station until the end of the procedure, if the procedure can be blocked on the program for securing the radio station itself. Tim is not the man, be impatient to give in to replace some of the installations, for example, allow the cloning or manual adjustment of the station.

The repair programmer can be selected from one common line of receiving and transferring data. For the butt on the lower right small of indications, the repair adapter for VERTEX stations is worn. For a "good" station, the transfer switch is behind the standard scheme, for "trash" it is a transfer key to the station.

To brutalize respect. An additional ARxD contact is inserted on the adapter's rose, which can be connected to the main circuit of the programmer. Tsyogo contact on the basic scheme is not. Then, if you close ARxD and RTxD, then the adapter can be victorious independently, without a basic circuit, like a clipping cable from a "good" station to a "rotten".

8. If nothing has come of it, proceed to the rosette. Ymovіrno, scho the station is very physical. It is not easy to see when you pay a lot of attention to the control unit of the station. For example, I am fused with a dirk in the processor - a species, frankly speaking, it is inappropriate. Reverse and, if necessary, replace the elements of the radio station program manager, processor, programmer, radio station as a whole, the programmer ... It’s also a good idea to joke in the Internet or at the special stations of the recommendation of a specific type of program.

VISNOVOK

Technics technology, ale lift lame more often, go down below.

Stanislav Uzhi Lec

At the end, you can say that the robot is a creator of the station by updating the station, but at the end it’s the robot, which is easy to play and uninfluenced. The statistics did not have a set date for detailed recommendations for updating specific types of stations, then think for yourself. It’s because it’s good to catch up with the ideas of the elegant, low-priced. For a part of this, we can write as follows. With all the recommendations of the statutes, you are justified in your fear and risk, the author does not bear in mind the information about the device: radio stations, computers, programmers, and also the mood of the programmers and other individuals. Replacing the soulful pobazhanya for the completion of the virazno induced correct - well, accept, safe - order of radio stations programming.

The procedure for programming radio stations 1. Connect the programmer to the computer port, whatever the program is, it’s not guilty. Start the program. 2. Connect the radio station to the living unit or turn on the charged battery. At the same time, the living block is guilty of the connections before the pilot, and the computer. The pilot is responsible for the contact and grounding. The contacts of the living may well be on top. 3. Vimknuti the radio station with a handle or a button on the front panel. 4. Connect the programmer to the radio station socket, override the contacts. Move the radio station with a handle or a button. 7. Depending on the instructions, or before the programs, the recording of the adjustment in the radio station. 8. Vimknuti the radio station with a handle or a button. Vimknut the station from the programmer. 9. If necessary, connect the headset to the radio station, turn it on and reconfigure the station. 10. Vimknuty station, switch on from the living block. The program is completed. 11. To program the offensive station from scratch, repeat steps 2 - 10, or see the criterion for the preparations in advance, the file adjust and repeat steps 2 - 4, then 7 - 10.

Specific end-of-life can often be recognized, or smartened up - to prevent the need for contacts and to carry out communication when the radio station is activated.

Today's professional radio stations make sure you stay tuned to the establishment of working frequencies and other parameters, except for the program from a computer. The virobnik didn’t give the programmer to the radio station, he couldn’t wait for the programmer to get it for a fee, or if necessary, update the program from the seller. For an okremu fee. Supportively self-sufficient to provide a superior, if possible, universal programmer. At the same time, we will analyze the principle and put it in the basis of the program of the occasional radio stations.

SCHO ROBIT PROGRAMMER
There is a great number of programming schemes in the risky stage of success. The analysis shows how the majority of the programmers are important in order to simply twist the signal for the amplitude of the signals in the radio station microprocessor and the computer port. Exchange the given data and call the last code in asynchronous mode from the COM-port behind the RS-232 protocol.

We are talking about programs on the LPT port, even if the stink is even worse, we will not use them.

Lantsyugi, show off the PROGRAMMER
It’s possible to see how you can go to the programmer and lay out the scheme, it’s possible to attach it to the report, so it’s possible to get it. The COM-port of the current computer is stored from the microcircuit - the controller of the serial port and the microcircuit driver, which brings the call signals to the port to be able to communicate with the RS-232 protocol. The microcircuit driver should be up to the numerical family of MAX-2xx, MAX-32xx or analogs. The driver springs as bipolar input signals with a swing of 25, as well as TTL-rіvnі. The names of the lantsyugi and the signal to the port on May the following authorities:
- input values: logical one - (-25 ... 0.8), logical zero - (2.4 ... 25);
- the inputs of the driver are connected from ground by internal resistors (3 ... 7) kOhm;
- Outputs: logical odds - (-5 ... -10), logical zero - (5 ... 10) when all inputs are mounted on the ground with supports not less than 3 kOhm;
- It is permissible to dwell on the ground (or not on the other side) at the port.
In such a rank, the driver to the port is an inverting buffer.

Vivchennya diagrams of radio stations and regular programmers showing: vyhid and input of the processor's program through a simple set of lantsyug vivedeni on the rosette of the outer garnitury, and earlier - on the occasion of the program roz'єm. The input and output of the program can be separated from one another or from the other inputs of the radio station. At once it is understandable that when the input and output of the program in the station to a new one, it is not possible to feed a high level from the programmer without a strumming resistor, in order to unify the setup of the installation "I" format of the output of the station.

The presentation of the lantsyuga of the program of radio stations of the young types (Fig. 1) is discernible.

Rice. 1. Lantsyugi radio stations, based on the program

The radio stations of the KENWOOD company are characterized by the distribution of RxD and TxD information transmissions. In mobile stations (small 1a), the stinks are unhealthy with diodes to the tires of the living room, strut-interconnecting resistors and capacitors. Condensers capture the lancers of the program from impulse conversions and high-frequency hovering. The inputs of the station processor may internal pull-up resistor up to + 5V lance. Schemes of radio stations KENWOOD, how to carry, is more simple, the role of the built-in diodes is played by the internal lanterns of the processor (Fig. 1b - TK-378). The strains at the inputs of the RxD processor are to blame for the following: logical zero - not more than 0.2 E, logical one - not less than 0.8 E de E - the power supply of the processor. In addition to the growth of the vigor of the programmer and the radio station processor, it is necessary to feed the logical unit through a flow-interconnecting resistor, a logical zero can be low-resistance connections to the outside wire (it’s not a gift to the outside wire). Vyhіdny lancer - the programmer, in such a rank, to the extent that the viglyadi of a single-ended transistor key (Fig. 1h), and the nominal support Rk is guilty of preventing the charge of the enchanting capacity for an hour, so that it is logical to be given the same transmission in the same hour. An hour is less than half the triviality of one bit of tribute.

More important than respect. The KENWOOD TK-860G radio stations have the following special feature: the transmission of these internal power supply resistors is not connected to the NIG inputs. Oscillations of this opіr can become 20 kOhm, and R3 = 4.7 kOhm, then the low logic level on the TxD input can become close to 1 volt. Tobto maє misce, so to speak, the effect of "high zero". Tsereba vrahovuvati when developing an input lantsyug - priymach - programmer.

For YAESU / VERTEX radio stations, as well as all the oncoming radio stations are characterized by madness and reception and transmission of donations (cloning). Lance cloning stations VERTEX (Fig. 1c - VX-10) can be a capacitor C1 up to 1000 pF and a resistor R1 up to 4.7 kOhm depending on the specific model. The author is FT-41R / 11R (Fig. 1d) for the reason, having installed two 1000 pF capacitors and a tri-volt processor. For an effective charge of such capacity in a regular programmer, for example, it costs Rk = 12 kOhm. When such a programmer is connected, the lance is small. 1 in the mode of receiving data from the station of the winery, the dialog between the Rk programmer and the R1 station (Fig. 1h), some lantsyug to receive the transmission of the programmer. A low logical level when it becomes 1.4 ... 1.5, so that we know the stick with the effect of a "high zero". Zbilshennya Rk tighten the recharge of the battery. To that, the programmers for radio stations and amateur designs may not work with YAESU / VERTEX virobs, but rather for reception, but for transmission. It's typical. Programmers based on the widely loved MAX232 microcircuit will also be inappropriate, since the input value of the MAX232 logic zero is guaranteed to become less than 0.8 V.

The lanterns of the YAESU / VERTEX mobile stations (Fig. 1f - FTL-1011/7011) have eliminated the shortage of lanes of the stations, so that you can be worn by the hand to accelerate the anti-jamming lantern. A special feature of such stations is the need for the command of the program to be given at the viglyadi of the consistent pressure of the highest standard, the contact of the headset is also required.

Competently vikonanny lantsyug clonuvannya mobile stations MOTOROLA (Fig. 1e - GM-300), which will prevent even more logical lines with steep fronts. Typically, in GP-300 stations, input and output cloning to the processor is not connected through a transistor switch, but through a resistor-single switch, and the effect of "high zero" here is manifested in all beauty.

Vyhіdnі lantsyuga cloning mobile stations ICOM (Fig. 1g) is set as a transistor with an open collector. Entries are made with one key. In such a rank, and in the first place, there is a single-cycle transistor switch on the programmer's inputs.

We can now formulate vimogi to the programmer:

1. The lantsyugu TxD is guilty of a single-cycle key, when the output is not guilty of switching 5 V, it is possible to eliminate the weakly stolen inputs of the processors, like, for example, in the KENWOOD radio stations. With a bazhan, the ability to change the Rk key from the station of specific types for adaptation to the previous languages.

2. Lantsyug RxD is guilty of the input level of the logical zero not less than 1.5 for the "high zero" effect, the level of the logical one not more than 2.7 for the robot with tri-volt processors. Vykhіdnі івні Lancyuga RxD, stinks and inputs for the COM-port, may be accepted by TTL-іvnyami.

3. The programmer's livelihood can be seen from the COM-port and the mother is minimal. It also went on to transfer the liveness to the rose of the radio station that called the dzherel.

4. Lantsyugi transmission and reception of the tribute from the radio station to allow for the admission of the information due to the preservation of proprietary information, but again to think about a single-cycle transistor key.

5. Inputs and outputs of the programmer are guilty of being stolen from static electricity and inherited communications when live is on.

6. Pragmatic changes in the programmer's circuitry during the transition from the stations of one virobnik to the stations of the one. In general, there is the possibility of connecting to the program of stations of specific types.

PRINCIPLE DIAGRAM OF THE PROGRAMMER
Yak is not marvelous; The schematic diagram of the programmer for the COM port, cim vimogam zadovolnyaє, is shown in fig. 2.

Rice. 2. Schematic diagram of the programmer

Lancjug TxD є our love one-cycle key. Lantsyug RxD is a classic Schmitt trigger with an internal ring. The logical zero is not less than 1.7 V, the logical one is not more than 2.6 V, and between the two is hysteresis. Stabilized harvesting + E = +5 crops are not linked to their microcircuits LP2950AC-5.0, if they want it to cost close to 25 rubles, if the cost is more than 380 μA (typically - 75 μA). The zagalny strum of the connection from the port cannot be transferred to 3 mA, and the main part of it falls on the internal resistor of the port (3 ... 7 kOhm, details of div. Vishche) of the RxD lance. The LP2950 microcircuit can be replaced with the LM2931 (do not change the 15 V supply on the input), it can also be replaced with our KR1170EN5, with a total growth of one third. For a call with a thin finish 78L05 may be good. However, some 78L05 specimens can be installed in the port so that the input can not be cleared to the stabilization mode.

Transistors VT1, VT3, VT4 can be used as KT3102 as a letter index, VT2 - KT3107 as a letter as an index and transmission function for a strum not less than 70. Transistor transistors can be frozen in KT315, you can just show it. Diodi - be-like high-quality silicon, for example LL4148 in case for surface mounting.

ADVANCES TO RADIOSTANTSІY
The links for the program of some types of stations are shown in Fig. 3. Connect by hand to the programmer through the open rose. Recommended rose DB9 as superb and inexpensive.

More important than respect. Cable, connections to RRxD and RTxD flanges, it is necessary to take screenings of flexible wires, ale from the smallest number of wires. In general, with separate RxD and TxD lancers, aiming from the transmission to the receiving lancet will result in malfunctions during the program (converted to practical use with KENWOOD radio stations).

Rice. 3. Lantsyugi connecting to radio stations

The R1 resistor on the KENWOOD adapters is used for quick recharging of the input capacities, connecting the programmer R2 (win Rk) in parallel, and it can be jammed, if you don’t plan to rewrite the radio station from the 5700 version. On the right, there is a supply resistor in the middle of the processor, also when the battery is overcharged, it is really a non-contaminated transistor. Opіr yogo non-linіyniy and less than, less than applied to new pressure. Roughly, the resistor is just the middle between the support and the stabilizer of the strum. Radio stations can be programmed without a permanent resistor. The offense of the plug is required for the switch at once at the socket.

For YAESU / VERTEX adapters, the resistor R1 in parallel with R2 (also Rk) of the programmer even requires 12 kOhm to recharge the battery. The input of the plug for mobile stations also gives a signal to turn on the mode for programming. Resistor R2 at the adapter for mobile stations is not a style for the programmer to get rid of, but for the radio station when it is connected incorrectly. People are all simple.
Nosimi stations are programmed with the help of one of the standard plugs.

The linker for mobile stations MOTOROLA is responsible for the connection to the presence of a lancer on Vin. The problem is that the program is displayed on the DTR / DSR COM port and CTS / RTS is low, so the programmer doesn’t need to supply power from the radio station. Sense of such robots, program mabut at the fact that you will be able to activate post-programmers.

The links for the ICOM and ALINCO stations, obviously, cannot be commented on. Apparently, it’s an adapter for ALINCO radio stations as well as for the programs of all ICOM stations, which can be worn. Let's not be formalists.

More important than respect. When the programmer is connected to the port, it is only possible to connect the various adapters and sub-ports to the COM port. They can do it all, and a null-modem podvuzhuvach can overwhelm the circuit without living in the port.

ABOUT BAKED PROGRAM
For the program of radio stations, a specific program of security must be used, which can be used for the last port, as it can be judged by the standard methods of the operating system. By way of advance, the boulevard has been set up, so that in most cases there will be upsets to the port: the speed of data exchange is up to 9600 bit / s, 2 start times, one stop bit and 8 bit days.

Problems with software for WINDOWS are even worse. Programmable intelligence interface and changeover. It is also correct to set the port number of the programmer to the programmer connection.

The nature of the program is secured for DOS - okrema song. Vono rozrahovanie on bezperervny exchange from the port, but it is not necessary when you run programs in the middle of WINDOWS. Moreover, with such programs, it is easy to run on computers that are locked up with DOS. It can be done by locking up the computer with the WINDOWS "98 system in DOS mode, and just run the program in the middle of WINDOWS. You won't go through the program. Then, with DOS, WINDOWS XP will have less problems. Bagato colleagues, often program radio stations, trim for all purposes the computer from WINDOWS "98, change the DOS mode if necessary.

Whoop and callous divinity. The software for securing VERTEX VXR-5000 repeaters and using VXR-7000 is incorrectly used on modern computers with smart processors, to navigate the pre-installed DOS keys. A virobnik without any greedy rubbish will propose to use old computers! Computers with the i80486 processor are recommended by the virobnik, but, as I will show the practice, the iCeleron processors up to 433 MHz can go.

As long as the program runs to the port through the standard DOS functions, it is critical that the jumper on the DTR / DSR and CTS / RTS port is visible, the programmer will not appear.

CONCLUDING REMARKS
Everything is directed at the statistics information є a lot of author's messages, and you will be victorious the programmer viciously on his own fear that risik ... It is recommended to use the radio stations for protection for an hour. Steal, that the programmer's transmissions, but the correct procedure, can be obtained from the information, already recorded in the radio station. The author has not made any clues about the power of radio communication or a computer. Komutuvati programmer to the port next to the closed programs, like working from the port, more from the input port (crim TxD) call to be converted to a high-impedance mill. Commutation before the radio station is permissible if the radio station is activated, if you want a button on the front panel.

Information about practical The clear principles and the induced circuit of the programmer can be edited on a whole server at the site

First-hand mobile phones became popular in the 1990s, with the most efficient way to exchange information over short and medium ranges. Smell, like and earlier, widely vikoristovyuyutsya police officers, visitors, organizers of community visits and mandates. Kozhen koristuvach tshy non-witch annex is guilty of the correct zastosovuvati and nobility, as nalashtuvati rats_yu.

History of the beginning of the race

In 1937, the Canadian doctrine of Donald Hings (1907-2004) was a radio station, which was also called a radio station with a two-sided turn. At about the same hour, the American winemaker Alfred Gross (1918-2000) patented the wine. Offended wine go to bully razroblenі for the victorious victoriannya for another hour Winners prodovzhuvali pratsyuvati over the sophisticated of their models a mustache of their life.

Gross ascribe wines of pagers, as boules in a popular way to call, as mobile telephones have become widely accepted. Hings has developed a number of thoroughly for radio, radio locating, magnetic terrestrial, knowledgeable annexes and possessions for increasing the complexity of the day. Usogo has 39 new wine boats patented by the USA.

Construction of a mouthless negotiation annex

Ratios - the whole range of portable radio devices, which appear among themselves as a mouthless hedgehog for radio transmissions of the same frequency range. A leather unit with battery life is to replace the transmitters / receiver that antenna for directing to the radio receiver, guchnomovets and microphone. If you use a little bit of racy, it stinks to press the Push-to Talk (PTT) button.

Guchnomovets / microphone is very practical, like an intercom, it’s a good idea to take away the same components (a cat, a dart, a magnet and a paper or a plastic cone for picking up or generating sounds). You can vikoristovuvati one prist_y for vikonannya tsikh dvoh zavdan, changing the electric lancet and reversing strum. More foldable races, for example, the Motorola model, to replace the guchnomovs and microphones.

Zasosuvannya ratsії

A group of people, like a vicious race for a spilkuvannya, is guilty of setting up one frequency channel. If you want to talk to some people, you can trim the Push-to-Talk button on your attachment. At radio guchnomovets switch to the microphone. If you enter into dialogue, their words are transformed on the radio and transmitted over the established channel in advance (call at frequencies close to 460 MHz).

Oscillations of radiochips are part of the electro-magnetic spectrum, the stench crumbles because of the speed of light (300,000 km / sec or 186,000 miles per second), which is why it is too bad to be flooded with small mobile phones. Radiohvili will be re-created back at the number of electric strum, and the guchnomov will be victorious in order to create a sound for a voice to speak. If the rozmova is over, the Push-to-Talk button is enabled. Radio switch back to listening mode. On the vidminu from a zychaynogo radio, the race is a two-way radio, it is necessary to think about it in front of a team, as a rule.

Communities can be attached to:

1. Forward duplex, if there is one channel. Spіlkuvannya vіdbuvaєatsya deprive one directly.
2. Single duplex You can change that rumor overnight.

Perevagi and incomplete races

Perevagi:

1. In the street radio stations of the metropolitan area
2. Sounds in quiet places, the devilry of stylish telephones is not accessible, for example, in the face of spontaneous dashing or overwhelming situations.
3. In situations where there are a lot of people hesitating, or if there is only one - talk.
4. May a small wagu (all 100-200 g), work on a decent country and area, start 5-10 square kilometers.
5. May a trivial hour of autonomous robots, 20 years for 3-4 rechargeable batteries.
6. Bagatokanalny change from 8 to 25 or more, because you can easily switch to the same frequency, as many people are victorious near the race.
7. Deyakі ratsії can also vikoristovuvatisya like an intercom.

Incomplete:

1. A large number of inexpensive races before the transition is relatively easy to listen to, and digital paths to bypass the price are not negatively involved. Poki scho vіyskovі ratsії vikoristovuyut nadіyne cipher for more listening.
2. It is not suitable for calling in larger ranges, for which it is necessary to use a radio signal from a CB or a mobile phone.

Constructive features

1. Antenna: it will help you to receive the radio.
2. RC display: showing the number to the channel, the hour of the autonomous robot, when it is overloaded, etc.
3. Monitor: switching the radio station to the monitoring mode, so you can set it up for listening to a game monitor.
4. Vibrator menu buttons (marked with "plus" and "minus" symbols). Menu button: Select to change the settings. It is also possible to victorious blocking the claviaturia, when you are able to get in and out of the channel, or even nalashtuvan, if the radio is in the kishena.
5. Guchnomovets.
6. Push-to-Talk (PTT) button.
7. Improvement / recognition and regulation of purity.
8. One light indicator shows, if the channels are occupied.
9. Microphone.
10. Transmission signal: the tonal signals were given to the other radio stations on that channel, which were in progress, but the corystuvach would like to talk.

Program for securing radio communication

For the available weather channel NOAA, from the CB radio, you can remove the update when the weather changes, a clear display, which will ensure a high level of visibility for a seven-column display. Chitannya and nalashtuvannya nalashtuvan Bearcat - even simpler, that way it is more beautiful to be more beautiful on the road.

Nalashtuvati priyom on dalekobyynikiv

Only the antenna system is correctly selected to ensure the maximum transmission of force from the 50-ohm transmission line to the advanced element. Uniden has all the functions that you need to get to know in front of them, how to start a race on the far-off minds and vibrate will need an antenna for real minds. Antenna of a snail type can be vicoristovuvati for installation on a car.

The procedure for setting up:

1. Connecting the cords to the luminaire to the terminal of the additional attachment zapalyuvannya.
2. Install the transiver to any 12-volt motor from negative earth. With the negative grounding system, the negative (-) accumulator terminal is connected to the car engine block.
3. Connect the red wire to the positive (+) terminal of the accumulator, or to the first point.
4. Connect the black power cord to the car or the negative terminal of the battery (-).

Perevirka radio:

1. Press MENU / OK to activate the menu.
2. Turn the channel selector, the docks do not appear as DIAG.
3. Press MENU / OK, then go to DIAG level. From the DIAG level it is possible to reconfigure the equal pressure of the battery, to the variation of the antenna and the equal pressure of the radio frequency, to adjust the frequency of the reaction.

Unidentified orders for an adequate voyage with a glance at the certificate of the koristuvach, as a report to explain all the functions of the radio CB. One more divovizna rіch - the price is included in the adapter kit with the cable, which additionally helps to connect the microphones of the other brands. One small skarga for tsyu ratsіyu is a great size.

At me in the state є 4 races Baofeng UV-5R, to finish actively їх vicorist on poluvannі and robots.

As for robots, all of the same races, then on the fallen ones, on the foxes, or on the other group of their own radios, on the LPD, on the PMR. Supervisionally, by hand, if you use your group, you can adapt to those who simply vibrate the channel you need.

In order to record the channels in Baofeng UV-5R, you can use the data cable by looking at it below.

The change was made on Aliexpress, after 4 days the payment was sent to it (the track was sent to China), and through the month I had a "lace" in my hands.

A package for all systems, including a disk and a cable.

Label set with sticker

The cable is 1 meter long, from one side of the "bellies" USB roses, in the middle of this microcircuit the USB2COM converts - CH340, and from the other side there is a rose-folding from 2.5 and 3.5 jacks (exactly the same as on audio garnіturі)

CD-ROM driver software for CH340

It is necessary to install USB.exe and connect the cable to the PC.
Then the dispatcher of the plant will reconsider the new COM port.

Now we pass to the software storage for the programs of the races. There is a separate program on the disk, it is also possible on the website of Baofeng or Zastone. If I vibrate with the CHIRP bag, it’s universal, and you can preset the presets with the channels.

At vіknі, it is necessary to vibrate the COM-port on which we have a cable (see in the dispatcher of the plant, m tse z'yasuvali) and the brand of the model of the race.

Before the onslaught of OK, it is necessary to switch on to the dart, and turn on the handle by turning the handle all the way behind the arrow.

There is a dialogue on the link and an indicator on the basis of the process of blimati worm and green color.

You can easily see this, which is a pity:

I have such a bullet on the heels of Zastone, I at some point thinking that it’s just that the race is not crazy, it seemed that it was needed, it was just stronger than the shouting rose in the race.

And so, the data from the race were enchanted, and the channels were registered. At the same time, there are already flashed LPD and PMR frequencies.

I will show the butt of manual adjustment of the channel, for example, the dodamo channel of the ARK Legion (metro Kazan), for which it is necessary to vibrate vilne vichko (gray color) and natisnut Properties in the menu. At the dialogue window, you will be prompted to enter the frequency.

If you want to get overwhelmed with a dania in a race, an onslaught of Alt-U and OK, a morgue with a light bulb and a danny.

Importantly, Baofeng UV-5R is available in different versions, so to speak. seen by firmware.
Few of the chotir'oh baoceng_v that one zaston, the firmware was deprived of the two. So the axis, adjusted to the loss in the boundaries of the same firmware.

Ale vikhid є, you can just see the table with the channels and just copy it from the other windows with the downloaded data from the race.

At the window with a standard (you can choose a standard variation, or a file with adjusted ones, like I will put it in a quick glance), you need to vibrate channel 0 and press Ctrl + A, then copy pressing Ctrl + C. Go to the window with the settings of the reception, vibrate channel 0 and press Ctrl + V. At a dialogue wіknі, wіdkrilosya, natisnuty All.

At all I have everything, if є nourishment - I will be radium vidpovisti!

PS: Instead of a disk with software, and the standard file, customize for CHIRP, you can customize it from